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Medication
Any substance that modifies body functions when taken into the body.
Pharmacology
The study of chemicals that affect the body's functioning.
Drug Nomenclature
The naming of drugs, including generic and trade names.
Drug Preparations
Different forms in which drugs are available for administration.
Drug Classifications
Groups of drugs that share similar characteristics.
Drug Indications
Reasons for administering a specific drug.
Mechanisms of Drug Action
Processes by which drugs interact with the body.
Absorption
The process of a drug entering the bloodstream from its site of entry.
Lipid Solubility
The ability of a drug to pass through cell membranes based on its lipid solubility.
Drug Dosage
The amount of a drug administered, including loading doses.
Distribution
The spread of a drug throughout the body after absorption.
Metabolism
The transformation of a drug into a new form, often occurring in the liver.
Excretion
The removal of a drug from the body after it has been broken down.
Adverse Drug Effects
Unintended and harmful effects of drug therapy.
Allergic Effect
Immune system response to a drug resulting in allergic reactions.
Drug Tolerance
Body's habituation to a drug requiring larger doses for the same effect.
Toxic Effect
Symptoms related to drug therapy that pose risks of permanent damage or death.
Idiosyncratic Effect
Unusual or peculiar responses to a drug that may be unexpected.
Drug Interactions
Occur when one drug is affected by another drug, a food, or another substance taken at the same time.
Pharmacodynamics
The process by which drugs alter cell physiology and affect the body.
Therapeutic Range
The concentration of a drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity.
Standing Order
Carried out as specified until canceled by another order.
PRN Order
Patient receives medication when requested or required.
Routes for Administering Drugs
Various methods of administering drugs such as oral, intramuscular, intravenous, etc.
Bar-code enabled Medication Administration (BCMA)
System using barcodes to ensure accurate medication administration.
Metric System
Widely accepted system for medication measurement using liters, grams, milligrams, and micrograms.
Household System
Less accurate system of measurement using household measures like teaspoons and tablespoons.
Dosage Calculations
Methods for computing drug dosages using formulas and conversions.
Medication Errors
Mistakes that occur during the process of ordering, transcribing, dispensing, administering, or monitoring medications, which are preventable and can happen with any type of drug.
Safety Measures
Precautions taken to ensure the safe preparation and administration of drugs, with importance placed on accuracy and prevention of errors.
Three Checks
A procedure involving three verification steps in medication administration - before reaching for the medication, after comparing with the drug chart, and before giving it to the patient.
Rights of Medication Administration
Principles ensuring the correct medication is given to the right patient, in the right dosage, through the right route, at the right time, with additional considerations like assessment, reason, education, refusal, documentation, and response.
Controlled Substances
Medications with a high potential for abuse or addiction, requiring strict handling procedures, including storage in locked areas and detailed record-keeping.
Nursing Process
A systematic method followed by nurses for administering medications, involving assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Dosage Calculation
Determining the correct amount of medication to administer based on the prescribed dose and the available concentration of the drug.
Nursing Diagnoses
Identification of potential health issues related to medication therapy, such as ineffective health maintenance, anxiety, constipation, or deficient knowledge.