Respiratory System: Human A&P II

Functions of the respiratory system

specialized to bring oxygen into body and expel CO2

produces vocal sound

helps regulate blood

Respiration

exchange of gases between the atmosphere and body cells

External respiration

ventilation/ breathing

allows gas exchange in the lungs

Internal respiration

gas transport in blood and exchange with body cells

Upper anatomical respiratory parts/pathway

nose → nasal cavity → sinuses → pharynx → larynx

Lower anatomical respiratory parts/pathway

trachea → bronchial tree → lungs

Nostril anatomical name is

external nares

External nares (nostrils) provide

openings for air to enter and leave the nasal cavity

pull air in

Olfactory means

smell

Goblet cells produce

mucous

Mucous traps

bugs and pathogens in the nostrils

Sinuses (paranasal sinuses) function is to

provide space to lighten the skull

provide sound to have resonance (vibration)

Sinusitis is the

sinus drainage

causes headaches/ pressure

Pharynx (throat) 3 portions

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Larynx houses the

vocal cords and sits on top of the trachea

Thyroid cartilage common name is

Adam’s apple

Thyroid cartilage 2 parts

false vocal cords

true vocal cords

True Vocal Cords produce

vocal sounds

sound created as air is forced between them by vibrating

False Vocal Cords produce

no sound

Glottis is the

opening/space between the true vocal cords

Epiglottis

covers the entrance to the larynx when swallowing food

prevent choking

Trachea

windpipe

anterior to esophagus

cilia is used to sweep the mucous back to the

throat and eventully to stomach acid

20 C shaped cartilage found in the

trachea