European Exploration in the Americas [APUSH Unit 1 Topic 3] 1.3
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FlashcardsWhy Did Europeans Begin Exploration in the Late 1400s?
The post-Black Plague rebound, centralized nations-states, rise of merchant class, trade route problems
Post-Black Plague Rebound
After the Black Death (1347-1351), Europe’s population began to recover
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Why Did Europeans Begin Exploration in the Late 1400s?
The post-Black Plague rebound, centralized nations-states, rise of merchant class, trade route problems
Post-Black Plague Rebound
After the Black Death (1347-1351), Europe’s population began to recover
Centralized Nations-States
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain unified their kingdoms and gained more power
Rise of Merchant class
Economic growth led to the wealthy upper class wanting luxury goods from Asia
Trade Route Problems
Land routes were controlled by Muslim Empires this created motivation to find water-based routes to Asia
Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
Sponsored voyages around Africa to reach Asia. This resulted in Portugal establishing trading post empires along West Africa and later reaching the Indian Ocean.
Maritime Innovations
Improved maps and astronomical tables made long-distance sailing more efficient.
Carvels
Small, fast ships, optimized for trade
Astrolabe And Sternpost rudder
Technological advancements that improved navigation and maneuverability for ships during exploration.
The Reconquista (1942)
Spain expelled the Moors(Muslims) form Iberia, uniting the country under catholic rule
European motives for exploring the Americas
God, gold, and glory
Christopher Columbus
An Italian sailor funded by Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain to find a Westward route to Asia but landed in the Caribbean, San Salvador Island in 1492.