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20 Terms
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1
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Pathogen
Organisms that cause disease
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Vaccine
Solution that stimulates the immune system to destroy a specific bacteria by introducing a weakened or dead form of the pathogenic microbe
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Cocci
Sphere-shaped bacteria, come in single, strands, and tetards
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Spirilla
Corkscrew-shaped bacteria, only singles
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Bacilli
Rod-shaped bacteria, in singles or strands
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Gram stain
A process to identify the cell structure with a 2 stain process
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Methanogen
Archae bacteria found in (oxygen-free) environments that produces methane gas
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Thermoacidophile
Archae bacteria that thrive in extreme temperatures and extreme pH
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Flagellum
A whip-like structure used for movement
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Binary-Fission
Bacteria doubles its size, copies DNA, splits in two
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Halophile
Archae bacteria that live in extremely salty environments
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Nitrogen-fixation
Converts N2 in the air into fertilizers for plants
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Archae
Ancient bacteria; simple cell wall, DNA similar to eukaryotes
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Eubacteria
Most abundant in today’s habitat, cell wall contains peptidoglycan (better protection)
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Antibiotic
Compounds that block growth of bacteria without harming the host
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Obligate aerobe
Need oxygen to produce energy/live
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Obligate anaerobe
Must live in an environment without oxygen
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Facultative anaerobe
Can live with or without oxygen
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Endospore
DNA + heat, sort of temp, resistant protein coat
a resistant asexual spore that develops inside some bacteria cells
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Conjugation
Exchanging DNA thru a tube between 2 bacteria
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