Chelonians Diseases and symptoms

venipuncture

jugular, brachial vein, subcarapacial sinus, dorsal vetertebral sinus, dorsal coccygeal vein, femoral vein

hepatic lipidosis

cause: hi fat diet, decreased activity, egg laying, prehibernatin, improper environment temp

signs: hibernation issues, green urates, gradual decrease in appetite and wt, decreased activity

get pt to eat carbs and lose wt

metabolic bone disease

improper Ca:P ratio, D3 deficiency

signs: anorexia, soft deformed shell, abnormal scutes

Vitamin A deficiency

common

diet low in nutrient

signs: blepharitis, conjunctivitis, swollen eyelids, nasal d/c, dyspnea, ear abscess

vitamin A toxicity

oversupplementing

signs: dry flaky skin, skin slough, secondary bacterial infection

aural abscess

common

signs: firm swelling in ear, poss cns signs

puss is caseous

shell rot

loss of shell scutes

wet: hemorrhagic d/c, usually bacterial

dry: lesions, bacterial or fungal

Septicemic Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease

aquatic turtles

signs: cutaneous ulcerative lesions, anorexia, lethargy

egg binding

caused by poor husbandry and metabolic cond

signs: anorexia, lethargy, straining, ±bloody cloacal d/c

urinary calculi

cause: dehydration, hypovitaminosis A or D, excessive Ca or protein, feeding excess oxalates (spinach), bacterial infections

signs: dysuria, anorexia, constipation, hind limb paralysis, egg binding

euthanasia

difficult, can survive long periods of apnea.

death circle.