APUSH AMSCO Unit 6

What time period does APUSH Period 6 cover?

1865–1898.

What is the Gilded Age?

Late 1800s period of rapid economic growth and political corruption.

What industries drove economic growth during the Gilded Age?

Railroads

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

Steel industry leader and philanthropist.

Who was John D. Rockefeller?

Founder of Standard Oil Company.

What was vertical integration?

Controlling all steps of production for a product.

What was horizontal integration?

Buying out competitors in the same industry.

What was Social Darwinism?

Belief that the fittest businesses and people succeed in society.

What was the Gospel of Wealth?

Carnegie's idea that the wealthy should use riches to help society.

What was the Sherman Antitrust Act?

1890 law to limit monopolies.

What was laissez-faire economics?

Policy of minimal government interference in business.

What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?

1882 law banning Chinese immigration.

What was the Dawes Act?

1887 law dividing Native lands into individual plots to assimilate Natives.

What was the significance of the Wounded Knee Massacre?

1890 killing of Sioux

What was the Homestead Strike?

1892 steelworker strike against Carnegie Steel; ended violently.

What was the Pullman Strike?

1894 railway strike that disrupted trains nationwide.

What was the Knights of Labor?

Labor union for all workers; declined after Haymarket Riot.

What was the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?

Union of skilled workers led by Samuel Gompers.

What was the Populist Party?

Political party representing farmers; called for silver coinage and reforms.

What was the Interstate Commerce Act?

1887 law regulating railroad rates.

What was the Pendleton Civil Service Act?

1883 law requiring merit-based government jobs.

Who were the 'new immigrants' of the late 1800s?

Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe.

What was the Social Gospel?

Movement applying Christian ethics to social problems.

What were settlement houses?

Community centers helping immigrants; e.g.

Who was Jane Addams?

Founder of Hull House in Chicago.

What was Plessy v. Ferguson?

1896 Supreme Court case upholding 'separate but equal' segregation.

Period 6 (APUSH)

1865–1898; Gilded Age

Gilded Age

Late 1800s growth with political corruption.

Andrew Carnegie

Steel magnate

John D. Rockefeller

Standard Oil founder.

Vertical Integration

Control all production steps.

Horizontal Integration

Buy out industry competitors.

Social Darwinism

Belief in survival of fittest in business.

Gospel of Wealth

Wealthy should help society (Carnegie).

Sherman Antitrust Act

1890 law against monopolies.

Laissez-Faire Economics

Minimal government role in economy.

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 ban on Chinese immigration.

Dawes Act

1887 Native land allotment law.

Wounded Knee Massacre

1890 end of Indian Wars.

Homestead Strike

1892 steelworker strike at Carnegie Steel.

Pullman Strike

1894 nationwide railroad strike.

Knights of Labor

Inclusive labor union; declined after Haymarket.

American Federation of Labor

Skilled workers union led by Gompers.

Populist Party

Farmer political party; silver coinage push.

Interstate Commerce Act

1887 railroad regulation law.

Pendleton Civil Service Act

1883 merit-based gov. jobs law.

New Immigrants

Late 1800s Southern/Eastern European arrivals.

Social Gospel

Apply Christian ethics to social issues.

Settlement Houses

Help centers for immigrants.

Jane Addams

Hull House founder.

Plessy v. Ferguson

1896 separate but equal ruling.