Japanese Expansion In East Asia

When did World War 2 Start and End?

1939 to 1945

All citizens had to attend school for ______ years in 1903

Four years

The Ministry of Education eventually altered the national curriculum to emphasize ____________ to the state

Loyalty

What year period did teachers and students had to learn military drills? (“Year’s”)

1920’s

What factors made Japanese believe their country is unique (List)

• Believed their emperor descended from the Sun Goddess

• Not annexed by European powers

• Shared a common culture

Emphasis on their uniqueness was a product of Japan’s __________________

Radical nationalism

Japan was modernized enough and had manufactured goods to force Korea to sign the ___________________

Japan-Korea Treaty

When was the Japan-Korea treaty signed?

1876

The Main Consequence of the Japan-Korea treaty was that it made Korea not a ____________ state of China

Tributary state

When did Korea ask China for help against a major peasant revolt against the Korean government?

1894

How many troops did Japan occupy Korea’s capital city with?

8000 troops

Who was the name of the main Korean opposition leader that was assassinated by Japanese forces?

Empress Myeongseong

What war did Japan’s occupation of Korea’s capital cause?

The First Sino-Japanese War

How did the First Sino-Japanese War portray Japan’s modernized military (List)

• Ironclad warships

• Pontoon bridges

• Modern rifles

After Korea was fully independent of China in to Treaty of Shimonoseki, Tripartite Intervention make Japan feel ___________________.

Humiliated

The German harbor that the Japanese forces attacked during WW1 was the ___________ on the ____________________

Tsingtao on the Shantung Peninsula

When did the Tsingtao port surrender to Japan? (Month and year)

November 1914

What did League of Nations agreed to on their first formation (List)

• Agreed on collective security

• Agreed to settle all disputes through negotiation

After joining the LON, Japan introduced conscription as well as increased the size of its _________ to secure it’s new power

Navy

When was the Nine Power Treaty signed?

1922

What did the Nine Power Treaty ask of/. (List)

• Japan’s removal of it’s military from the Shantung Peninsula

• All nations had to respect China’s independence and boarders

After WW1, Japan’s economy was skyrocketing, as their industrial output increased by __________%

250%

In what time period did Japan’s industrial output increased by 250% (Hint: 20 year difference)

1895 to 1915

Due to WW1 leading to higher wages, to maintain shortage of workers, goods such as _____________ rose in demand

Cotton

How much did Cotton textile exports rose by during WW1 (1914-1918) (%)

185%

Due to USA and other countries resuming full production after WW1, Japan’s economy severly ____________, resulting in millions unemployed

Decreased

These events resulted in the government encouraging banks to lend money at a low interest for rebuilding purposes:

The Tokyo Earthquake and Fire

When was The Tokyo Earthquake and Fire?

1923

Due to low interest loans, once again, economic prosperity was short lived because of ______________

Bank failures

When was the Great Depression?

1929

Due to the Great Depression, Japan’s Gross National Product (GNP) declined by about _____%

20%

In what year period did Japan’s GNP decreased to 20%?

1929 to 1931

Due to the Great Depression, the Tokyo stock market lost _____ of their value

Half

Due to the Great Depression, exports fell by over ______ and unemployment increased once again

40%

What were the two split military factions in Japan in the 1930’s?

Kodoha and Toseiha

The Toseiha’s reforms would ally the army with _______________

Zaibatsu

The two military factions attempted a series of ________________ to seize military control of Japan

Coup d’état

Japan’s government system was complex. The ___________________ and its ____________ had direct access to and communicated for the Emperor

Privy Council and its genro

There was political instability in China, as, in southern China, there were _________ major _______ groups

Seven major warlord groups

The Nationalists brought most of China under their influence through a military campaign called the Northern Expedition, involving over _________________ troops

1 million troops

The results of the KMT’s Northern Expedition was a famine, which killed between _ million and _ million people

3 million and 6 million people

The Nationalists were now isolated from this country, as they attacked the CCP.

Soviet Union

When was the Mukden Incident?

1931

When was the invasion on Manchuria?

1931

During the Mukden Incident, a bomb exploded on South Manchurian ____________ outside the leading city of Manchuria, Mukden

Railway

The Kwantung army invaded Manchuria, only leaving the southern province _______ out of their control

Jehol

Surprisingly, there was relatively little fighting during Japan’s invasion of Manchuria, as China had over ________________ soldiers and Japan had fewer than ___________.

100,000 soldiers and 25,000 soldiers

The Nationalist leader, ___________________, ordered its troops not to resist the invasion.

Chiang Kai-shek

Japan used the illusion that they only wanted to help Manchuria achieve _______________ from chaotic China as an excuse to invade them

Independence

The head of Manchukuo was the last emperor of China, _________, a Manchu

Pu yi

Manchukuo’s request to be apart of the LON being denied proves how it was really just a _____________________

Puppet state

After ____ weeks of pressure, Chiang Kai-shek finally agreed to make an anti-Japanese front with the CCP

2 weeks

The Anti-Japanese front was called the ……..

National Revolutionary Army

When was the Marco Polo Bridge Incident?

1937

The Marco Polo Bridge Incident involved Chinese and Japanese troops fighting briefly near _________

Beijing

Japan’s government demanded an apology, but Chiang’s government ___________

Refused

Due to Beijing being rapidly occupied by Japan, Chiang instead bombed ______________ in August 1937, which was controlled by Japan. They were now at war.

Shanghai

When was the Second Sino-Japanese War?

1937

When was Nanjing, the capital of China, captured? (Month, year)

December 1937

Once Nanjing was captured, atrocities committed by the Japanese in the city increased, as ____ of _____________ of woman and children were raped and usually murdered through mutilation

Tens of thousands

Chinese civilians and soldiers were used for __________ practice in Nanjing

Bayonet

Japan held contest for who could kill _______ captives with a sword first in Nanjing

100

Japan was not prepared for a long war, thus it drained their resources, weakening _________________ defenses

Anti-Soviet defenses

When was the Tripartite Pact created?

1940

The Tripartite Pact was an alliance between…………

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Despite the Tripartite Pact not affecting the first phase of WW2, it did strengthen the _______ between the countries, showcasing the opposition to international communism.

Bonds

Japan wanted to cut China’s supply lines, so they went to ______________, occupying it in 1940

Indochina

In return for Japan to cut China’s supply lines in Indochina, the _______________________ could stay in Indochina

French Vichy Government

In response to Japan’s being in Indochina, the USA imposed an ___________ on scrap ____ and ______ in 1940

Embargo on scrap iron and steel

Ignoring USA embargo, Japan occupied all of Indochina in _______

1941

In response to Japan occupying all of Indochina, the USA froze Japanese assets, banned sale of oil, and sent ___________________ to China for defense in 1941

$240 million

The USA sent the Hull note in 1941, but it had no _________

Effect

When was the bombing of Pearl Harbor

1941

Japan experienced minimal loses during the Pearl Harbor bombing, as only ___ men were killed

65 men

USA experienced great loses during the Pearl Harbor bombing, as _________ people were killed

2400

The league responded to China’s plea for help carefully, since the Japanese Invasion was the first major conflict between __________________

League states

After the investigation of the Lytton Commission, the Lytton Report was published in ______

1932

The League’s General Assembly voted Japan as an _____________ nation

Aggressor

____ nations voted against Japan as an aggressor

42 nations

Japan left the League of Nations in ______, suffering no consequences from departing

1933

The Response to the Manchurian Crisis from China was that Chiang only focused on the _____, helping Japan achieve victory rapidly, without severe soldier losses

CCP

The Response to the Manchurian Crisis from the USA was that it left its period of semi-isolation, fearing that its ________________________ would be disturbed from Japan’s invasion on Manchuria

Open Door Policy

The Response to the Manchurian Crisis from the USA was that it also created the __________________________, but it ultimately had no effect on the crisis

Stimson Doctrine

When did the USA create the Stimson Doctrine?

1932

The Effect of the Mukden Incident and the invasion on Manchuria was the result of _________________ policy being aligned with ______________ policy

Government policy being aligned with military policy

The Effect of the LON on the Second Sino Japanese War was that China did appeal to them in 1933, but the ____________________________ conference in Belgium recommended that both countries suspend hostilities and work with other countries to resolve the situation, which they did not.

Nine Power Treaty

The Response of the LON on the Second Sino Japanese War was weak, as due to Japan’s anti-communist stance, they hoped that would put ____________ on the Soviet Union in Asia

Pressure