Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

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Last updated 3:42 PM on 11/7/22
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27 Terms

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-686 kcal/mol
released during cellular respiration
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7.3 kcal/mol
energy required to turn ADP to ATP
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233.6 kcal/mol
energy harnessed in ATP that is broken down in the presence of oxygen
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32 ATP
produced from one molecule of glucose
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34%
total energy harnessed as ATP, the rest is heat
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anabolism
build molecules
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catabolism
break down molecules
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oxidative phosphorylation
passes electrons along the chain and pumps protons creating an electrochemical gradient to harness ATP
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substate level phosphorylation
phosphate groups are transferred to ADP from an organic molecule to harness ATP
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antenna chlorophylls
deliver light energy to the reaction center allowing electrons to be transferred to an electron acceptor
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ascorbate (vitamin C) & beta carotene
neutralizes reactive oxygen species
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cyclic electron transport
electrons from PSI are redirected from ferredoxin back to the electron transport chain
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Cytochrome-b6f complex (Cyt)
passes electrons from PSII to PSI
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ferredoxin
electron acceptor associated with PSI, membrane-associated protein on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane
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ferredoxin NADP reductase
catalyzes formation of NADPH by transferring 2 electrons from reduced ferredoxin and a near by proton
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grana
interlinked structure that form the thylakoid membrane
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light dependent reaction
photosynthetic electron transport chain
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light independent reaction
calvin cycle
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lumen
fluid filled compartment enclosed by the thylakoid membrane
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photorespiration
rubisco acts as oxygenase, resulting in the release of carbon and net loss of energy
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photic zone
100m in the ocean where photosynthesis can take place
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photosystems
protein pigment complexes that absorb light to drive redox reactions which set the photosynthetic electron transport chain in motion
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plastocyanin
diffuses through membrane from cyt to PSI
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plastoquinone
diffuses through membrane from PSII to cyt
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stroma
region that surrounds the thylakoid where calvin cycle occurs
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triose phosphate
produced by the calin cycle and exported from the chloroplast
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xanthophylls
slow formation of reactive oxygen species by reducing excess light energy by converting light into heat

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