Atomic and Nuclear Physics-Chapter 7(HL)

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Discrete energy

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13 Terms

1

Discrete energy

Emission spectrum representing different possible wavelengths of light emitted by an atom.

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2

Emission spectrum

Series of bright lines representing the wavelengths that can be emitted by an atom.

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3

Radioactivity

Spontaneous emission of particles and energy from an unstable nucleus.

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4

Nuclear transmutation

Transformation of one element to another through nuclear reactions.

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5

Nuclear fission

Splitting of a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei, with the release of energy.

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6

Critical mass

Minimum mass of fissile material needed to maintain a chain reaction.

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7

Nuclear fusion

Joining of light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.

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8

Isotopes

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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9

Radioactive decay

Unstable nuclei emit particles and energy spontaneously.

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10

Half-life

The time required for half the quantity of a radioactive substance to undergo decay.

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11

Unified atomic mass unit (u)

A standard unit of mass for atoms and molecules.

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12

Mass defect

The difference between the mass of separated nucleons and the mass of the nucleus.

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13

Binding energy

The energy required to disassemble a nucleus into its protons and neutrons.

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