Cranium and Facial Bone Projections

Lateral Facial Bones

Part Position: Head in true lateral; IPL perpendicular; IOML parallel to bottom of IR.

Central Ray: Perpendicular to zygoma (midway between outer canthus and EAM).

Collimation: 6×10 L/W

Axiolateral Mandible

Part Position: Head in true lateral; IPL perpendicular; IOML parallel to bottom of IR.

Central Ray: 20-25* cephalic midway between outer canthus and EAM.

Collimation: 6×10 L/W

Parietoacanthial (Waters)

Part Position: Chin on IR; MML perpendicular; OML forms 37° angle with IR.

Central Ray: Perpendicular to exit at acanthion.

Collimation: 10×10

SMV for Zygomatic Arches

Part Position: Vertex on IR; IOML parallel to IR.

Central Ray: Perpendicular to IOML, entering at mid-throat, 1 inch posterior to outer canthi.

Collimation: 8×6 c/w

AP Axial (Modified Towne) for Zygomatic Arches

Part Position: Back of head on IR; OML or IOML perpendicular.

Central Ray: 30° caudad to OML (or 37° to IOML), entering 1 inch above nasion.

Collimation: 3×8 c/w

PA for Mandible

Part Position: Forehead and nose on IR; OML perpendicular to IR.

Central Ray: Perpendicular to exit the acanthion.

Collimation: 6×8 l/w

PA Axial for Mandible

Part Position: Forehead and nose on IR; OML perpendicular to IR.

Central Ray: 20-25° cephalad, exiting at acanthion.

Collimation: 6×8 l/w