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Mitoplast
a mitochondria that is lacking its outer membrane
rRNA
component of ribosome subunits
Eubacteria
Group containing the “true” bacteria
Leeuwenhoek
Developed 1st light microscope
Phagocytosis
Process where a cell engulfs foreign material
Archaebacteria
Group containing the “ancient” bacteria
Virchow
Concluded that cells come from preexisting cells
Schleiden
Concluded that all plants are composed of cells
mRNA
Threads subunits to form ribosomes
Hooke
Originated term “cell”
Svedburg
Developed unit to label ribosome
Watson & Crick
What 2 scientists are credited w/ discovering the structure of DNA?
deoxyribose sugar & thymine
A DNA nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with ___?
nucleotides
RNA & DNA are large polymers composed of subunits known as____?
99%
What percentage of human DNA is identical from person to person?
Replication
Process by which DNA makes a copy of itself?
Transcription
Process by which RNA forms from existing DNA?
Ribosomes
Which cell organelle functions in protein synthesis?
Proteins
The message of the DNA code is information for building?
hydrogen
What type of bond holds the DNA base together?
Nucleus
Replication & transcription take place in which part of the cell?
Glycerol
Which of the following isn’t a monopeptide?
Cellulose
Which of the following isn’t made up of protein?
the carboxl group of 1 amino acid joins the amine group of the other in a condensation reaction
When two amino acids bond,______.
Maltose
Formed during digestion of starch
Chitin
Forms exoskeletons in the arthropods
Lactose
Milk sugar
Ribose
Sugar found in RNA
Starch
Polysaccharide used to store energy in plants
Sucrose
Disaccharide used to store energy in plants
Glycogen
also called “animal starch”
Alpha glucose
Monomer of starch
Galactose
Forms half of lactose
Beta glucose
Monomer of cellulose
Cellulose
Forms components of cell walls
Deoxyribose
Sugar found in DNA
F
Isotopes of an Element contain the same number of protons and different number electrons.
T
Electrons in different electron shells contain more energy if they are farther from the nucleus.
F
A molecule must contain more than 1 atom of more than one element.
T
Atoms can interact to give up, accept, or share electrons to produce a filled outer shell.
T
Water moderates the temp on earth because it can absorb & release large amounts of heat.
T
Buffers are chemicals that can both take up and release H+, thus maintaining pH changes in a chemical system.
Enzymes
Organic molecules that accelerate reactions
Coenzymes
Organic molecules that are carriers for chemicals or electrons
Oxidation
Removal of electrons (or H+) from a molecule
Reduction
Addition of electrons (or H+) to a molecule