CPush: The Cold War and Vietnam

All of the following were major International changes brought on by World War II EXCEPT:

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The war had ended military occupation around the world beginning a new era of freedom, national sovereignty and recognition

Which major Allied conference took place in the suburbs of Berlin in July, 1945?

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Potsdam

*According to your textbook*, what was the MAJOR difference between World War I and World War II

How they ended

Whom did Truman name to represent the United States at the UN

Eleanor Roosevelt

The United Nations was organized on the absolute equality of all Nations.

False

The Potsdam Conference was the only time Harry Truman and Joseph Stalin met face to face

True

What did both FDR and Truman want Stalin to commit to at Yalta and Potsdam respecfully

Invade Japan

What made Roosevelt's influence over Stalin at Yalta in February 1945 precarious?

Stalin's Army had already moved into Eastern Europe

The political systems of the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War approached all of the following rights and issues differently EXCEPT:

National Security

Who gave the speech in Missouri on March 5, 1946 that stated "an **iron curtain** has descended across the continent."

Churchill

According to your textbook, all of the following were True of President Truman EXCEPT:

Attended the University of Missouri

Which two countries, threatened by Soviet Agression, were at the center of Truman's call for $400 million in aid that formed the basis of the Truman Doctrine?

Greece and Turkey

Truman Doctrine

President Truman's promise to aid nations' struggling against Communism.

Marshall Plan

$13 Billion dollar economic plan to aid Europe after World War II.

Berlin Airlift

United States and Great Britain supplying the Western sector of the Capital of Germany by air after Stalin had cut of land access.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Twelve Western European and North American nations agreed to act together in defense of Europe.

On June 25th, 1950, North Korean forces attacked across the _ parallell.

38th

Who won the civil war in China that followed World War 2?

Communists

All of the following were short term outcomes of the Korean War EXCEPT:

Kim IL Sung was removed as leader of North Korea and his son, Kim Jong-un, who took his place and was pro West wanted an end to the war.

How come the Soviet Union did not veto the UN resolution to assist South Korea?

It was not present in the Security Council because of a decision to boycott

What US commander was in charge of all UN troops defending South Korea?

Douglas MacArthur

All of the following were long term outcomes of the war EXCEPT:

The two Koreas remained divided along the 17th parallel.

According to your textbook, who did critics within the United States blame?

Truman Administration

General MacArthur advised President Truman to both invade China and use Nuclear Weapons to win the Korean War.

True

All of the following were events that ushered in the Red Scare in the late 1940's EXCEPT:

Bombs started to explode throughout the Northeast with the worst being an attack on Wall Street

What famous 1956 film expressed American's fears of invasion and infiltration during the era of the Red Scare?

Invasion of the Body Snatchers

As both superpowers created a stockpile of nuclear weapons (60,000 at its highest point), both were certain to lose or be wiped out if a nuclear war broke out.

Mutually Assured Destruction

Used as a concept of deterrence (prevention) this term implies that a response from an attacked country would be so great that the attacker would be annihilated

Massive retaliation

Associated in your textbook with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, this is the idea of using overwhelming force or nuclear weapons to heighten the stakes involved for all parties.

Brinksmanship

The idea that if one country falls to communism - it will trigger the collapse of others around it.

Domino Theory or Effect

Period of in US History after the second world war where the fear of communism began to affect both politics and social decisions.

Red Scare

Blacklist

Largely associated with the attack on Hollywood writers, directors, and actors - people were fired or prevented from work for being connected to communism

Where did the United States test most of their early hydrogen bombs?

American West, at sites such as the Nevada desert

In response to the troubling news that the Soviets had successfully tested an atomic bomb, what did Truman order the Atomic Energy Commission to build?

A Hydrogen Bomb

What did McCarthy use in his dramatic coming out event (February 1950) in Wheeling, West Virginia, that shocked Americans and led to his meteoric rise and fall in politics? 

Said he had a list of 205 known communists working in the government.

What was the most famous group of "left wingers" targeted by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HAUC)?

Hollywood Ten

What act passed by the Truman Administration targeted the communist party by making it unlawful to teach or advocate for the violent overthrow of government?

Smith Act

During the Red Scare, what famous American was blacklisted by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)?

J. Robert Oppenheimer

What news in early September, 1949 shook US leaders?

The Soviet Union had set off an atomic bomb.

**WHEN** was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

April 17, 1961

Which President became forever connected with the Domino Theory?

Eisenhower

Who was the Communist leader of the Vietminh?

Ho Chi Minh

Which events directly led to the building of the Berlin Wall?

There was a steady flow of East German workers to the West and Khrushchev wanted to sign a treaty that would place all of Berlin under the control of East Germany

What was the Gulf of Tonkin Crisis?

In August the USS Maddox was attacked by Vietnamese boats as it patrolled the Gulf of Tonkin

After Kennedy took office as President, he decreased defense spending.

False

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?  How did Kennedy use both tough measures and diplomacy to handle the crisis?

The Soviet Union was placing missiles in Cuba when the US saw their ships and immediately created a barrier so they couldn't get by then JK Proposed that if he get rid of his nuclear missiles in Turkey and another country the SU would stop building the nuclear base in Cuba.

Where was a multi-national conference held to end the war in IndoChina?

Geneva

We actually get the "bikini" in the bikini swimsuit from an Atomic Test.

True

How many soldiers did Kennedy send to Vietnam?

15,000

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave President Johnson the power to wage war in Vietnam without ever needing to go back to Congress to ask for a declaration of war.

True

Which Western Power controled Indochina as a colony before world war II and began a war with the Vietminh to take it back after World War II?

France

Secretary of Defense Robert _ and General William _ counseled President Johnson to escalate the war in Vietnam and send more troops.

McNamara - Westmoreland

All of the following caused President Johnson to increase troop strength in Vietnam EXCEPT:

Counsel from Secretary of Defense Tommy Thompson and General George Marshall

jellied gasoline dropped in large canisters

Napalm

a herbicide used to defoliate forest areas that might hide guerillas

Agent Orange

used as an analogy to America's situation in Vietnam: difficult to exit

Quagmire

South Vietnamese communist rebels that waged a guerrilla war against the government of South Vietnam

Vietcong

What two sides or camps began to develop at home?

Hawks: Supported Johnsons war policy | Doves: Broke Johnsons war policy

What was the name of the first US sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam?

Operation Rolling Thunder

What two universities led the antiwar movement?

University of California at Berkeley and University of Michigan

Who won the presidential election of 1968?

Richard Nixon

Clark Clifford, new Secretary of Defense, after an instensive study of the military situation in Vietnam, advised the President to continue to fight and believed the military could win the war with more troops committed. 

False

Two months before the Tet Offensive President Johnson announced he would not seek a negotiated settlement with North Vietnam and would not run for a second Presidential term.

False

What did the 26th Amendment do?

Extended the legal voting age to 18.

Who were the candidates in the 1968 Presidential Election?

George Wallace, Hubert Humphrey, and Richard Nixon

Minnesota senator Eugene McCarthy was against the Vietnam War.

True

The "Silent Majority" in 1968 was.

Middle class middle age White America

At what age did men in the U.S. have to register for the draft in 1965?

18

All of the following were true of the TET offensive EXCEPT:

Began in early 1967.