Presidency

Formal Powers

A power of government that is explicitly stated in the U.S. Constitution or granted by law

Informal Powers

A power not explicitly stated in the Constitution but derived from practice, tradition, and public expectations

Executive Agreements

An international agreement made by the president with a foreign country that does not require Senate approval

Signing Statements

A written comment issued by the president when signing a bill into law, often explaining how the president intends to interpret or enforce the law

Bully Pulpit

The president’s platform to speak directly to the public and shape public opinion in order to influence Congress and policy

Veto

The president’s formal power to reject a bill passed by Congress, preventing it from becoming law unless Congress overrides the veto

Pocket Veto

A special type of presidential veto that occurs when the president does not sign a bill within 10 days and Congress adjourns during that period, preventing the bill from becoming law