Opiates

Lecture

Opioid analgesics act on the _____ to inhibit _______.

Opioid analgesics act on the brain and spinal cord to inhibit neurotransmission of pain.

Non-opioid analgesics act on the _____ to inhibit _______.

Non-opioid analgesics act on the peripheral tissues to inhibit formation of pain-producing substances.

Somatic pain is

Well-localized to dermal, SQ, or MSK

Visceral pain is

Poorly localized, in the trunk, can refer to other structures (ex: CP referring to the jaw)

Neuropathic pain is

Typically caused by nerve damage (ex: neuralgia, fibromyalgia)

The pathway from noxious stimulus to the brain is

exposure to stimulus (heat, electricity, etc.) → activation of nociceptors → primary afferent neurons → excitatory neurotransmitters (substance P, glutamete, etc.) release in spinal cord → pain impulse travels via ascending pathways

A-delta afferent neurons are (fast/slow) acting on (intense/dull) pain and function on local withdrawal/autonomic reflex and memory)

A-delta afferent neurons are (fast) acting on (intense) pain and function on local withdrawal)

C afferent neurons are (fast/slow) acting on (intense/dull) pain and function on local withdrawal/autonomic reflex and memory)

C afferent neurons are (slow) acting on (dull) pain and function on (autonomic reflex and memory)

Sensory descriminative component sends signals to the _____ and functions to ______. (Ascending or descending?)

Sensory descriminative component sends signals to the cerebral cortex and functions to alert the person as to presence and location of pain. (Ascending)

Motivational-affective component sends signals to the _____ and functions to ______. (Ascending or descending?)

Motivational-affective component sends signals to the limbic cortex and functions to enable the person to feel discomfort, pain, emotional reactions, etc. (Ascending)