Chpt 3 Objective 2

Describe the structure and function of the cell membrane, including its regulation of materials into and out of the cell.

What is the primary component of the cell membrane?

Phospholipid bilayer

What term describes the cell membrane's ability to allow some substances to pass while blocking others?

Selectively permeable

The hydrophilic part of a phospholipid is represented by which structure?

Glycerol molecule

What is the characteristic structure of cholesterol in the membrane?

Four-ring structure

What does "extracellular" refer to?

Outside the cell

The proteins in the cell membrane primarily function to:

Transport molecules

What is the main characteristic of passive transport?

It does not require energy

Which of the following is a method of passive transport?

Facilitated diffusion

In passive transport, materials move from an area of:

High concentration to low concentration

What is the role of mitochondria in cellular transport?

They produce ATP for active transport

Which type of molecules can typically pass through the phospholipid bilayer via simple diffusion?

Oxygen

What does osmosis specifically refer to?

The movement of water from high to low concentration

What term describes a solution with less solute compared to another solution?

Hypotonic

To facilitate the movement of hydrophilic molecules across the cell membrane, cells use:

Facilitated diffusion

When a solution has the same concentration of solute as another solution, it is called:

Isotonic

What is vascular transport primarily used for?

Transferring large particles across the membrane

Which of the following describes endocytosis?

The process of moving materials into the cell

What does the term "exocytosis" refer to?

Moving substances out of the cell

Which of the following is NOT a type of endocytosis?
a. Phagocytosis
b. Pinocytosis
c. Endocytosis
d. Vesicular transport

Endocytosis

In the context of endocytosis, what does "phagocytosis" mean?

The intake of large solid particles

What energy molecule is required for bulk transport mechanisms?

ATP

Which of the following statements is true regarding vesicular transport?
a. It only occurs in plant cells
b. It requires ATP for active transport
c. It is a passive transport mechanism
d. It cannot move large molecules

It requires ATP for active transport