A&P Lab Exam 1

What is the fluid portion of blood that contains plasma proteins and dissolved solutes?

Plasma

Define plasma

the fluid portion of blood containing plasma protein and dissolved solutes

What are the cells that transport carbon dioxide and oxygen?

erythrocytes, or red blood cells

What are the cells that initiate immune response and defend against potentially harmful substances?

Leukocytes, or white blood cells.

What are the cells that participate in hemostasis (stopping blood flow out of a cut)

Thrombocytes or platelets.

Point out the erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes in this image

What are the three types of granular leukocytes?

Neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil

What are the two types of agranular leukocytes?

Lymphocytes and monocytes

Identify the leukocyte

Neutrophil

Identify the leukocyte

Eosinophil

Identify the leukocyte

Basophil

Identify the leukocyte

Lymphocyte

Identify the leukocyte

monocyte

Identify the disease and the cause

Erythroblastosis fetalis, blood incompatability due to Rh positive infant in Rh - mother causing anemia or death bc of erythrocyte destruction

What disease is shown

Leukemia

Identify the disease

Sickle cell anemia

What is the term that refers to the percentage of the volume of all formed elements in blood? And what are the formed elements

Hematocrit, and erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

antigens

agglutinogens, the identifying protein things on red blood cells that cause A or B type blood

antibodies

agglutinins, the response created to “fight off” unknown antigens or other unknown substances.

Name the structure

Apex of heart

Identify the layers, from left to right.

Endocardium, myocardium, Epicardium (visceral layer of the serous pericardium), pericardial cavity, parietal layer of pericardium, and fibrous pericardium

What is the pericardial sac made up of?

Two main layers, the serous (visceral and parietal) pericardium and fibrous pericardium.

Identify the structure

Right atrium

Identify the structure

Left atrium

Identify these structures

Right and left auricles

Identify this structure

Right ventricle

Identify the structure

Left ventricle

identify the structure

interatrial septum

Identify the structure

Interventricular septum

Identify the structure

Superior vena cava

Identify the structure

Inferior vena cava

Identify the structure

Pulmonary veins

Identify the pulmonary veins

Identify the structure

Pulmonary trunk

Identify the structure

Pulmonary arteries

Visualize where the aorta is

Identify the structure

Aortic arch

Identify the structure that is unusual, and when it is present. And what does this structure turn into?

Ductus arteriosus, present in infants because blood doesn’t go to their lung. Turns into ligamentum arteriosum

Identify the structure

Brachiocephalic trunk

Identify the structure

Left common carotid atery

Identify the structure

Right and left subclavian arteries

Identify the structure

Right coronary artery

What are the branches of the left coronary artery, and what is its length compared to the right?

Anterior interventrucular artery, circumflex artery

Identify the structure

Anterior interventricular artery

Identify the structure

Posterior interventricular artery

Identify the structure

Right marginal artery

Identify this structure

Circumflex artery

Identify this structure

Coronary sinus (main vein drain)

Name the structures in order

Right tricuspid (atrioventricular) valve, pulmonary semilunar valve, mitral/bicuspid (left atrioventricular) valve

What are the heart strings real name and purpose?

Chordae tendinae, to hold the flaps of the valves shut to prevent backflow

What are the nipple like muscles that hold work them valves called

Papillary muscles

Identify this birth “defect” and what does it turn into

Foramen ovale, turns into fossa ovalis.

Pulmonary circuit describe, systemic circuit describe

Pumps blood from the right side of heart to lungs then back to left sid. Pumps blood from left side of heart to body then back to vena cavas on right side.

Identify this trait of cardiac muscle

Intercalated discs