Social and spatial exclusion

Social exclusion

Exclusion form the prevailing social system and its rights and privileges, typically because of poverty or the fact of belonging to a minority social group

Spatial exclusion

Exclusion from certain spaces within society, this could be for several reasons, such as gender, age or sexuality. The exclusion may not be fixed but people feel unwelcome.

Social exclusion groups

• Immigrants

• Homeless

• Disabled

• Age

• Ethnic minorities

• LGBTQ communities

• Gypsies/travellers

Gated communities

Groups of houses that are surrounded by fences or walls and only accessible to residents. In 2004-estimated around 1000 gated communities

Key drivers for gated communities

Appear to be to increase security, reduce the risk of crime, reduce the risk of crime, increase the sense of exclusivity and increase the value of property

Exclusion from rural England

Most immigrant populations move into cities such as London and Birmingham, so these cities feel like home. So, they feel like they do not belong to rural land, in 2001 UK National Parks showed less than 1% of visitors are of ethnic background.

Mosaic a national project builds links between black and ethnic minorities to National Parks