engl 1302 final

What does critical thinking involve?

Analyzing, evaluating, and interpreting information logically to form reasoned judgments.

What are some goals of critical thinking?

Make informed decisions; recognize biases; solve problems effectively; evaluate arguments.

Why is it important to examine assumptions?

To avoid faulty reasoning and ensure arguments are based on evidence rather than hidden biases.

What is rhetorical analysis?

Examining how authors use rhetorical appeals (ethos, logos, pathos, kairos) to persuade an audience.

What is the purpose of summarization?

To condense main ideas of a text in your own words while maintaining accuracy.

Define plagiarism.

Using someone else’s work/ideas without proper credit.

Define self-plagiarism.

Reusing your own previous work without permission or citation.

How do writers establish trustworthiness?

By using credible sources, logical reasoning, professional tone, and proper citations.

Why is it important to consider your audience?

To tailor language, tone, and evidence to meet their knowledge level and interests.

What is your purpose in academic writing?

To inform, persuade, or analyze a topic with credible support.

What does “logos” refer to?

Logical reasoning and evidence (facts, statistics, data).

What does “ethos” refer to?

Credibility or ethical appeal of the writer/speaker.

What does “pathos” refer to?

Emotional appeal to influence an audience’s feelings.

What does “kairos” refer to?

Timeliness or the right moment to present an argument.

Where is a reliable place to search for academic sources?

Library databases, Google Scholar, JSTOR, or other peer-reviewed databases.

What does “peer-reviewed” mean?

Articles evaluated by experts before publication for accuracy and quality.

What is an argument?

A claim supported by reasons and evidence.

What is persuasion?

Influencing others to accept a belief or take action through appeals and reasoning.

What is the claim of an argument?

The main point or position the writer is trying to prove.

What are the four steps for analyzing arguments?

Identify claim, evidence, reasoning, and counterarguments.

What is a logical fallacy?

A flawed reasoning pattern that weakens an argument.

What is the difference between inductive and deductive fallacies?

Inductive: Based on limited evidence/generalizations.

Deductive: Incorrectly applying broad rules to specific cases.

Define generalization and give an example.

Making broad claims from small evidence (e.g., "All teens are lazy").

Define ad hominem and give an example.

Attacking the person instead of their argument.

Define slippery slope and give an example.

Claiming one event will lead to extreme outcomes ("If we allow this, society will collapse").

Define straw man and give an example.

Misrepresenting an argument to make it easier to attack. ex. give kids healthy food= taking away foods they enjoy= starve

Define bandwagon and give an example.

Claiming something is true because many believe it.

Define red herring and give an example.

Introducing irrelevant information to distract from the main point.

ex. they went to jail so everything they say can be disregarded

What is the Aristotelian/Classical method?

Presents a clear thesis, supports it with evidence, and refutes counterarguments.

What is the Rogerian method?

Seeks common ground and compromise between differing views.

What forms of media can be used to present arguments?

Essays, speeches, videos, social media, podcasts, infographics.

List themes from the Modernist period.

Alienation, fragmentation, disillusionment, subjective reality.

List facts about William Faulkner.

Southern author; wrote about decline of the Old South; Nobel Prize winner.

Themes and symbols in “A Rose for Emily.”

Death, tradition vs. change, decay; symbols: Emily’s house, the rose.

Facts about Charlotte Perkins Gilman.

Feminist writer; advocated for women’s rights and mental health awareness.

Themes and symbols in “The Yellow Wallpaper.”

Oppression of women, mental illness; wallpaper symbolizes confinement.

Facts about Ernest Hemingway.

Known for simple style and themes of war, masculinity, and loss; Nobel Prize winner.

Themes and symbols in “Soldier’s Home.”

Alienation, effects of war; home symbolizes disconnect from civilian life.

What are Works Cited requirements?

• Alphabetized list of all sources, hanging indent, MLA format.

• MLA formatting basics:
  12pt Times New Roman, double-spacing, 1-inch margins, header with name/page.