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These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to rocks and the rock cycle as per the lecture notes.
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Rock
Any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet.
Rock Cycle
The continuous processes that cause rocks to change from one type to another, involving interactions among Earth's water, air, and land.
Igneous Rock
Formed when magma cools and crystallizes either beneath the surface or as a result of a volcanic eruption.
Sedimentary Rock
Formed when weathered products of preexisting rocks are compacted and cemented.
Metamorphic Rock
Formed by the alteration of pre-existing rock deep within Earth by heat and pressure.
Magma
Molten material that forms deep beneath Earth’s surface.
Lava
Magma that reaches the surface.
Weathering
The process that breaks rocks down by water, air, and living things.
Sediment
Weathered pieces of Earth materials.
Clastic Rock
Sedimentary rocks made of weathered bits of rocks and minerals.
Chemical Sedimentary Rock
Forms when dissolved minerals separate from water.
Organic Sedimentary Rock
Rocks formed from the remains of organisms.
Metamorphism
The process of changing form, typically occurring under elevated temperatures and pressures.
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic rock with a banded or layered appearance.
Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic rock that does not have a banded texture.