1.2.5 Heart Review

For PLTW course Principles of Biomedical Sciences (PBS)

What body system does the heart belong to?

Cardiovascular system

What is the general role of a pump?

Controlling blood flow around the body

What kind of blood do systemic pumps deal with?

Oxygenated

What side of the heart do systemic pumps work with?

Left

What is the job of systemic pumps?

Pumping oxygenated to the body and deoxygenated blood to the heart

What kind of blood do pulmonary pumps work with?

Deoxygenated

What side of the heart do pulmonary pumps work with?

Right

What is the job of pulmonary pumps?

Pump blood to the lungs to get oxygen

How many chambers does the heart have?

4

What is the general role of a chamber?

Receive and manage incoming blood?

What do the atriums do?

Receive blood as it enters the heart

What does the right atrium (RA) do?

Receives deoxygenated blood from veins

What does the left atrium (LA) do?

Receive oxygenated blood back from the lungs

What do the ventricles do?

Pump blood out of the heart

What does the right ventricle (RV) do?

Pushes blood to the lungs to get oxygen

What does the left ventricle (LV) do?

Pushes blood to the aorta to get to arteries

What is the general role of a vessel?

Deliver blood to organs around the body and back to the heart

What do veins do?

Carry blood TO the heart

What do the vena cava do?

Return blood to heart from the body

What do the pulmonary veins do?

Return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

What do arteries do?

Carry blood AWAY from the heart

What does the aorta do?

Carries oxygenated blood to the whole body

What do pulmonary arteries do?

Move blood from heart to lungs

What is the general role of a valve?

Open or close fluid passages when needed

What do atrioventricular valves do?

Separate atriums and ventricles on each side

Where is the BIcuspid (Mitral) valve?

Between LA and LV

Where is the TRIcuspid valve?

Between RA and RV

What do semilunar valves do?

Separate each ventricle from the artery leading out

Where is the Aortic valve?

Between LV and aorta

Where is the Pulmonary valve?

Between RV and pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery)

What is the common pattern for arteries and veins?

Oxygenated blood through arteries AWAY from heart, deoxygenated blood through veins TO the heart

Why does the heart go against the common pattern of arteries and veins?

Because of blood having to go to the lungs to receive oxygen; still follows the AWAY and TO the heart pattern

Why are the valves in the heart important?

To prevent backflow of blood

What are coronary arteries? What do they do?

Arteries in the heart muscles; provide oxygen for the heart tissues

Auricles

Ear-like extensions of the atria

Chordae Tendinae

Fibrous chords that attach to the tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral) valves

Papillary Muscles

Muscles in the ventricles that attach to the tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral) valves by the chordae tendinae