Microbiology E3 Urogenital & Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Type of Urogenital/STDs (5)

- Urinary tract infection (UTI)

- bacterial vaginitis

- Gonorrhea

- Syphilis

- Chlamydia

Urinart tract infection (UTI) causes (3)

- e. coli (80%)

- proteus

- klebsiella

Urinary tract infection (UTI) direction

ascending or descending (depends on where infection starts)

Urinart tract infection (UTI) is often a nosocomial infection bc..

of procedures such as catherization

Bacterial vaginitis cause

pH increase -> gardnerella vaginalis (normal flora) interacts with anaerobic bacteria to cause infection

where is gardnerella (clue cells) found

vaginal epithelial cells (used for diagnosis)

Gonorrhea cause

neisseria gonorrhoeae

gonorrhea virulence factors (4)

- attachment pilli

- endotoxins

- opa proteins (suppress t cell activation)

- protease (cleave IgA antibody)

where can gonorrhea survive (3) & be found (host) (1)

- humans only natural host

- can survive in polymorphonuclear leukocytes

- can survive in pus

- can survive on formites (bedsheets, clothes)

what can gonorrhea lead to (2)

- pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (if untreated)

- infection becoming disseminated -> cause eye infections

Syphillis cause

treponema pallidum

Syphillis transmission (2)

- sexually

- saliva

Syphillis 4 stages (+1 potential 5th)

- incubation

- primary

- secondary

- latent

- tertiary

Syphillis incubation stage

- bacteria enters bloodstream

Syphillis primary stage

1st symptoms appear

Syphillis secondary stage

organisms now in circulation -> many symptoms

Syphillis secondary stage symptoms (5)

- inflammatory response

- skin eruptions

- pustular rashes

- mucous patches in mouth

- highly contagious (in lesions)

Syphillis latent stage (2)

- no symptoms; still infected

- can cross placenta (congenital syphillis)

Congenital syphillis

infects fetus causing neurological damage

Syphillis tertiary stage (3)

- occurs in some

- growth in any organ of the body

- inflamed tissue can be walled off from circulation due to inflammatory response (gumma)

chlamydia infection cause

intracellular organism chlamydia trachomatis

chlamydia infection leads to

- nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)

other NGU infections caused by mycoplasma infections (chamydia) (2)

- mycoplasma gentalium

- mycoplasma himnis

what can NGU (nongonococcal-urethritis) from chlamydia lead to

pelvis inflammatory disease (PID)

mycoplasma himnis from chlamydia (2)

- can colonize placenta & cause abortions

- can lead to PID