ASVAB/MEPS Test Prep #3

Heterozygous

Having two different alleles for a particular gene

Phenotype Ratio

The proportion of offspring expressing different physical traits

Law of Segregation

The principle that during meiosis, the two alleles for a gene separate so that each gamete receives only one allele

Recessive Allele

An allele that is only expressed when two copies are present, resulting in a specific physical trait

Phenotype

The observable physical trait resulting from the expression of the genetic makeup

Homozygous

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene

Punnett Square

A graphical representation used to predict the probability of different genotypes and phenotypes in offspring

Monohybrid Cross

A cross between two parents that involves a single gene with two alleles

Dominant Allele

An allele that is expressed in the physical trait regardless of the other allele present

Genotype

The set of alleles an individual carries for a particular gene

Genotype Probability

The likelihood of an offspring having a specific genetic makeup