Ln 2

What is a plant?

1. A plant is a living thing that carries out photosynthesis and autotrophic nutrition. It is the primary source of nutrition for all living things

2. It is a living thing that has stems, roots and leaves.

State some characteristics of plants

1. That are eukaryotes( have cell wall) that form kingdom plantae

2. They are predominantly photosynthetic meaning they obtain their energy from the sun and use chloroplasts derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water using the green pigment chlorophyll

State the importance of plants

1. They are the only natural source of oxygen in the world

2. They play an important role in the earths ecosystem

3. They are a primary source of nutrition for all organisms

Mention types of plants

1. Shrubs

2. Creepers

3. Herbs

4. Trees

5. Climbers

Mention the 2 organ systems that make up the vegetative (somatic) structure and what they are composed of and their importance

1. The shoot system which composes of parts found above the ground and they are the stems, leaves, fruits and flowers

2. The root systems which composes of the part underground and they are the roots, tubers and rhizomes

3. They are common to most vascular plants and make it easier to study plant morphology

Mention the functions of roots

1. The absorb water and minerals from the soil

2. They produce plant hormones

3. They carry out vegetative reproduction (developing new plants from the roots of old plants )

4. They store food for future use

5. They anchor the plant to the soil and provide support

N/B: the top of the root(apex) is covered by the root cap

What are the functions of stems

1. They transport food, water and minerals to all parts of the plant body

2. They carry out vegetative reproduction

3. They store food in starch form

4. They provide support for the buds,leaves, fruits and flowers 🌹

Mention the characteristics of stems

1.stems are divided into nodes and internodes

2. Nodes region consist of leaves

3. The region between nodes is known as the internode region

What are the functions of leaves

1. They help in reproduction

2. They make food through the process of photosynthesis

3. They carry out evaporation from aerial parts of plants through transpiration

Describe leaves and mention the parts

They are mostly found above the ground attached to the stem

1. The petiole

2. The leaf blade or lamina

3. The leaf base

Mention the parts of the flower and their function

1.Petals which are the colourful part of the plants above the sepals and carry out pollination

2. Sepals below the petals which are the green parts of plants and protect the flower buds

3. Stamen which consist of the male reproductive system ( another and filament) and produce spe4matia( male sx cells)

4. Carpel which consist of the female reproductive system (stigma and style) and produce ovules

Mention the functions of flowers

1. It helps in sexual reproduction of plants

2. It stimulates pollination and fertilzation of the ovule

What are the fruits and what are their functions

1. Protection of growing seeds

2. Helping in dospersals of seed and asexual reproduction

They are the ripener ovary found in the flowers after reproduction

What are plant cells

They are eukaryotic cells in closer in a. Ell wall bound by a nuclear membrane and other cell organelles

They are the cells present in green plants, the photosynthetic eukaryotes of kingdom plantae

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