Organic Compounds

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Organic Compounds

consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.

Carbon

it can form single, double, triple bonds with another carbon or with other elements.

Functional Groups

groups of atoms that confer specific properties to a molecule

Hydrocarbons

organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen

Alkanes

single bond between carbon atoms

Alkenes

double bond between carbon atoms

Alkynes

triple bond between carbon atoms

Alcohols

with an hydroxyl (-OH), that is bonded with an alkyl group (R),

(R-OH).

Ethers

An oxygen (O) between two alkyl groups (R).

(R-O-R)

Aldehydes

consists of a carbonyl group (C=O)

which is bonded to one H and an R group.

Ketones

has a carbonyl (C=O) group attached to two hydrocarbon groups (R)

Carboxylic Acids

consists of carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (OH) groups

Esters

consists of a carbonyl group (C=O)

adjacent to an ether linkage (-OR)

Amines

Derivatives of ammonia (NH3) where in one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by an alkyl group.

(R-NH2)

Amides

carboxylic acid with an amine.

Carbonyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen (N)

Hydroxyl Group

-OH

Carbonyl Group

C=O

Ether Linkage

-OR

Carboxyl Group

C=O + OH