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Federal government
sets national principles through Canada Health Act, provides funding and ensures compliance
Provincial/Territorial Governments
Plan, finance, and manage healthcare services, including hospitals and physician payments
Private sector
Involved in service provision (doctors operate as private entities but bill the public sector)
Hospitals bill provincial admin and federal government for fees-
NOT PATIENT
Strengths
Weaknesses
Each province and territory has the ability to
design, manage, and fund its own healthcare services
Creates flexibility to address unique needs to each region BUT creates variability in the availability/quality and access to care
Costs and Financing
through taxation at federal and provincial levels, costs managed via global budgets and capitation systems for hospitals
Private insurance exists but is supplemental for non-covered services
Universal coverage
For essential services, but with geographic disparities, especially in rural areas
Non covered services (dental, vision, drugs) lead to inequalities
system type
singler payer-tax funded
coverage
universal for ESSENTIAL services
costs
lower per capita spending
efficiency
less administrative burden
health equity
stronger focus on equity
cost strengths
Public funding controls expenses; lower administrative burden
cost challenges
rising pharmeceutical costs
quality strenghts
high life expectancy
strong primary care
quality challenges
long wait time for specialist and elective procedures
access strengths
universal coverage for essential services yay!
access challenges
gaps in non covered services (vision, dental, drugs)
