english test

Romanticism

the literary and artistic movement of the 19th century that served as a critique of the enlightenment and places a premium on imagination, emotion, nature, and indivisuality

other names for romantacism

antebelum, victorican, american renisance

1865

end of the civil war and end of romatacism period

F.O. Mathiessen coined

american rnisance(rebirth) which is ironic since we are a young nation

how was it like a rebirth

culture, art, music expanded

wanders above the sea of frogs

casper david friedrich captures the essence of romatacism

theme of

being surrounded by nature and prizing the indivisual

american scholar

Ralph Waldo Emerson's oration calling for american intellectual independece from europe

americas literature is

moving away from europes

how was 1st tie authors being read internatioanlay helping

spreading american ideas

how popular were american authors

not popular before/ hardly read

growing nation

expansion westward- Luisiana purchase, addiion of texas, gold rush

how did the growing nation influence literature

emphasizing nature

democratic involvment

awakening and enlightenment (your responcible for the nation and your own sin) the common man (allowed common man to take part in decisions

developments

railroads steamboats facotiries steel plow telegraph

lyrical ballads

william woodsworth and samuel taylor coleridge

poetry is what according to woodsworth and coleridge

for all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

critique of reason

logic conficts with spontneous feelings conficts w reason

idealism

human beings are at the height of creation and anythings posssible

transendentalism

oneness of nature and human kind (spiritual

dark/ gothic

included within romantacism becuase of emphasis on emotion

themes of romatancism

embraced the indivisual, immagination, awe of nature, supernatural

descriptions of katrina van tassel

beautiful, wanted, plump, blooming, ripe, rich, smart

description of brom bones

loved, strong, town hero, masculine, handsome, determined, intelligent, man of action

descripttion of icabod crane

wierd, long, skinny, attracts women, glutton, greedy, man of manners, charming but no substance, book smart

4 concepts of dark romantacism in icobod crane

supernatural- ghost stories. tormented charecters- everyone. remote setting- sleepy hollow. violence- horeseman attack

4 concepts of dark romatacism

1. remote setting 2. supernatural elements 3. tormented charecters 4. violent act

the ministers black veil by

nathaniel hawthrone

romantacism critiques what

enlightenment

nathaniel hawthrone from

salem massechusets

nathaniel hawthrone view of the puratins

hates them, thinks they are stupid

where does nathaniel hawthrones hatred of the puratins come from

descendent of a judge in the salem witch trials

hawthrone is what branch of romantacism

dark romantic

dark romantacism has an emphasis on

uncontrolled fear and darkness of the human soul

nathaniel hawthrone attempted what

transendentalism, he stayed at brook farm and experienced communal village but he left it

parable

a short, simple story with a moral message

symbol

something had meaning in and of itself and also stands for something else

primary universal symbol in ministers black veil

the veil

veil represents what

hidden, covered sin

setting of the ministers black veil

milford town, puratin and religous town

charecters in ministers black veil

fiance, mr hooper, couple, dead girl

conflict of ministers black veil

town dosnt know what is under his veil and they wonder about it and he ends up not being able to take it off

remote setting of ministers black veil

puratin town

supernatural in minsiters black veil

ghost, supernatural significance to the veil

tormeneted charecters in the ministers black veil

everyone is tormented by the veil

sermon about secret sin

used as a visual, people think about his sin not their own

where does he go with the veil

funerul (appropriate) wedding (inappropriate)

pivitol moment in the ministers black veil

he sees himself at the wedding in the mirror with the veil and he is filled with uncontrolled emotion so now he wears the veil for the rest of his life

what happens to the ministers carrer after the veil

it booms, tons of people come to watch him

what title does mr hooper get

father hooper, he wasnt catholic

voice of reason in ministers black veil

his fiance, she leaves because he wont take the veil off

what is hawthrone saying about puratins

they are stupid, hypocritical, judjmental and supersticous

veil orignial purpose

visual for object lesson on sin

veil is what in the bible

attonment for sin (veil is torn when Jesus dies)

how does nathaniel hawthrone have an incorrect view of the gospel

forgets their is forgivness in Jesus

why is it ironic to call it a parable

becuase puratins are supposed to understand this and theres no lesson

the fall of the house of usher by

edgar allen poe

edgar allen poe:

born in boston, adopted by john allan, disapointing acedemic carrer, struggled financialy, maried his couse, died mysteriosuly

edgar allen poe is the inventor of what

detective story/ crime genre

what type of romaticism is poe

dark / gothic

the fall of the house of usher isolated setting

house is alone and falling apart, 2 memeners of the ushers live there

violet acts in the fall of the house of usher

madeline burried alive, comes back and kills brother

how is roderick usher tormented

mind, he has mental illness (personality and sensory disorder)

how is madelin usher tormented

body illness, (catalepsy)

supernatural elements in the fall of the house of usher

house and twins connected, sister coming back as a ghost

single effet

fear and gloom

two in one theme / doubling in the fall of the house of usher

roderick and madeline. - male and female -brother and sister -mind and body -reason and emotion -tarn and the house reflects the house on the lake

other themes in the fall of the house of usher

disconect, inebility to feel whole, comp between emotion and logic

effect of isolation

lonliness, craziness, uncontrolled fear

poe believes what about human nature

we are suceptible to emotions taking over

voice of reason in the fall of the house of usher

the narrator (runs away and goes crazy himself)

Transcendentalism

a philosophy and social movement which developed in new england and it taught that divinity persuades all nature and humanity

shift from lock thinking to

kant

immmanuel kant

german philosopher says we have tuition and that real truth lies outside of the observational

intuition

innate understanding of the world

oversoul

the divine spirit or mind that is present in nature and every man, man nature and God are all equal

emphasis on what in transendentailism

mans oneness with nature and indivisualism

according to transendentalism where does evil come from

isolation

moby dick by

herman melville

herman melville

born in NYC, faher dies, infuenced by nathaneiel hawthrone, died unappreciated- moby dick was a flop

archetype

universal symbols, charecter types, events

universal theme

central message of the story

layers of meaning in moby dick

1. voyage of a whaling ship 2. ahabs quest for vengence 3. humanitys relationship to nature 4. mans quest for nature

dent represents what in moby dick

deteriorating mind

white whale represents what in moby dick

nature, innocence, God figure (ahab has made this whale his life pursuit) (in scripture, the whale usually represents a sign of judgjent and salvation)

3 day chase in moby dick represents what

whale emerges on third day and ahab dies on the 3rd day (inverted reserection)

captain ahab in moby dick

ahabs struggle (insanity vs obbsession) tragic hero ( two causes of tragedy, fate or flaw)

starbuck in moby dick

voice of reason, sage, opposes ahab and saus his pursuit of moby dick is blasphemous and that he never thinks but only feels

does the voice of reason ever win

no, they always leave or die

pasteboard mask (moby dick)

ahab states he is trying to punch through the mask, he is trying to identify what is real, moby dick is his pasteboard mask

what does the pastboard mask represent in moby dick

out desire to seek satisfaction, we want to know if what the world has to offer will fufill is

ahab is essentially trying to do what

see if killing moby dick will fufill his purpose and bring meaning to life

ralph waldo emerson

born in boston, family of ministers, left faith, grand tour where he gained following

transdentalism was born out of

a crisis of belief

emerson image of the oversoul

transparent eyeball

emerson of nature is about

meaning of existence can be found by exploring the natural world and it brings inner peace, identity and meaning

whys nature well suited for american audiance

westward expansion, people are surrounded by nature, america wasnt fully settiled

from self reliance said

society wants conformity and ralpph dosnt like that beacuse its anti indivisualism

ralph waldo emerson branch of romatacism

transendentalism

to be great is to be

misunderstood