Chapter 6 AP World History "Ways of the World", AP World History Ways of the World: Chapter 6 Terms

Where was the majority of the population of the world located during the classical era?

Eurasia

What is the reason for the lack of pastoral societies in the Americas?

Absence of domestic animals

What is the reason for less productive agriculture in Africa?

No draft animals to pull plow

What is Bantu?

movement of peoples generated some 400 distinct but closely related languages

Which second-wave civilization produced a written language?

Mesoamerican region

What was different about the Niger River Valley civilization in contrast to other civilizations?

Absence of states

How did adapting to geography in the Andes region influence their political structure?

societies generally sought access to the resources of these various environments through colonization, conquest, or trade

What was significant about the village located at Chavin?

Center of religious movement in highland Peru

What caused the mound-building cultures of the eastern woodlands considered to be semi-sedentary?

Ag. Society but less productive; no empires or large urban centers

How did people living in the Americas outside of the Mesoamerican and Andes regions survive?

Hunting and Gathering

Tikal

Major Maya city, with a population of perhaps 50,000 people.

Teotihuacan

The largest city of pre-Columbian America, with a population between 100,000 and 200,000; seemingly built to a plan in the Valley of Mexico, flourished between 300 and 600 CE, during which time it governed or influenced much of the surrounding region. The name is an Aztec term meaning "city of the gods".

"Semi-sedentary"

Term frequently used to describe the peoples of the eastern woodlands of the United States, Central America, the Amazon basin, and the Caribbean islands who combined partial reliance on agriculture with gathering and hunting.

Pueblo

"Great house", a large, apartment building-like structure that could house hundreds of people.

Niger Valley civilization

Distinctive city-based civilization that flourished from about 300 BCE to about 900 CE, in the floodplain of the middle Niger and that included major cities such as Jenne-jeno; particularly noteworthy for its apparent lack of centralized state structures, having organized instead in clusters of economically specialized settlements.

Nazca

A civilization of southern coastal Peru, became famous for its underground irrigation channels and its gigantic and mysterious lines in the desert in the form of monkeys, birds, spiders, and other designs.

Mound Builders

Members of any of a number of cultures that developed east of the Mississippi River in what is now the United States and that are distinguished by their large earthern mounds, built during the period 2000 BCE-1250 CE.

Moche

An important regional civilization of Peru, governed by warrior-priests; flourished from around 100 to 800 CE.

Meroe

City in southern Nubia that was the center of Nubian civilization between 300 BCE and 100 CE.

Maya

The major classical civilization of Mesoamerica; flourished from 250 to 900 CE.

Hopewell Culture

Named from its most important site (in present-day Ohio), this is the most elaborate and widespread of the North American mound-building cultures; flourished from 200 BCE to 400 CE.

Chavin

Andean town that was the center of a large Peruvian religious movement from around 900 to 200 BCE.

Chaco Phenomenon

Name given to a major process of settlement and societal organization that occurred in the period 860-1130 CE in what is now northwestern New Mexico; the society formed is notable for its settlement in large pueblos and for its building of hundreds of miles of roads (the purpose of which is not known)

Cahokia

The dominant center of an important Mississippi valley mound-building culture, located near present-day St. Louis, Missouri; flourished from about 900 to 1250 CE.

Batwa

Forest-dwelling people of Central Africa who adopted some of the ways of their Bantu neighbors while retaining distinctive features of their own culture; also known as "Pygmies"

Bantu expansion

Gradual migration of ______-speaking peoples from their homeland in what is now southern Nigeria and the Cameroons into most of eastern and southern Africa, a process that began around 3000 BCE and continued for several millennia. The agricultural techniques and ironworking technology of ______-speaking farmers gave them an advantage over the gathering and hunting peoples they encountered.

Axum

Classical-era kingdom of East Africa; in present-day Eritrea and northern Ethiopia; flourished from 100 to 600 CE.

Ancestral Pueblo

Formerly known as the Anasazi, this people established a mixed agricultural and gathering/hunting society in the southwestern part of North America.