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18 Terms

1

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; the idea that government power comes from the consent of the governed.

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2

Constitution

The fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.

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3

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

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4

Checks and Balances

A principle of government under which separate branches are empowered to prevent actions by other branches and are induced to share power.

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5

Ratification

The official confirmation or approval of a proposed law or constitutional amendment.

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6

Equal Access Act

A law that prohibits public secondary schools from denying students equal access to extracurricular activities on the basis of religion, political beliefs, etc.

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7

Inalienable Rights

Rights that cannot be taken away or denied, often associated with life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

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8

Republicanism

A political ideology centered on the belief in a government that derives its power from the consent of the governed, primarily through elected representatives.

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9

Participatory Democracy

A theory of democracy that emphasizes broad participation in political decision-making.

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10

Pluralist Theory

A theory of democracy that emphasizes the role of groups in the policymaking process, suggesting that power is distributed among various interest groups.

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11

Elitist Theory

A theory that a small minority, typically composed of the wealthy and powerful, holds most of the political power.

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12

Political Culture

The collection of attitudes, values, and beliefs that shape how individuals view and participate in politics.

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13

Social Contract

An implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, often in exchange for some individual rights.

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14

Constitutional Republic

A form of government in which representatives are elected to make laws, and the Constitution is the supreme law.

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15

American Dream

The national ethos of the United States, which asserts that all individuals have the opportunity to achieve success and prosperity through hard work and determination.

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16

Civil Society Groups

Independent associations outside the government's control that promote citizen involvement in the political process.

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17

Liberty

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views.

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18

Fundamental Rights

Basic human rights that are considered essential to the protection of individuals and society.

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