gait exam 2

saggittal hip ROM ic

30 flexion (10 APT)

saggittal hip ROM LR

remains in 30 flexion

saggittal hip ROM MSt

extends to 10 flexion (10 APT)

saggittal hip ROM TSt

extends to 10 extension (10 apt)

saggittal hip ROM PSw

flexion to 0 (10 apt)

saggittal hip ROM ISw

flexion to 25 (10 apt)

saggittal hip ROM MSw

flexion to 35 (10 apt)

saggittal hip ROM TSw

extends to 30 flex

saggittal Hip torque IC

flexion

saggittal Hip torque LR

flexion

saggittal Hip torque MSt

extension

saggittal Hip torque TSt

extension

saggittal Hip torque PSw

decreasing extension

saggittal Hip torque ISw

negligible

saggittal Hip torque MSw

flexion due to tibial advancement

saggittal Hip torque TSw

flexion decreases to 0

saggittal Hip muscle IC

all extensors

saggittal Hip muscle LR

extensors

saggittal Hip muscle MSt

extensor activity decreases

saggittal Hip muscle TSt

ant fibers of TFL to restrain extension

saggittal Hip muscle PSw

adductor longus (RF in some)

saggittal Hip muscle ISw

hip flexors

saggittal Hip muscle MSw

hamstrings (control flexion and knee ext)

saggittal Hip muscle TSw

hamstrings (decelerate), extensors and abductors

saggittal hip FS IC

limb position for step length, stability

saggittal hip FS LR

stability, maintain trunk posture

saggittal hip FS MSt

stability through passive forces, progression of HAT

saggittal hip FS TSt

stability, forward progression, trailing limb posture

saggittal hip FS PSw

hip and knee flexion for limb advancement

saggittal hip FS ISw

limb advancement

saggittal hip FS MSw

momentum carries body past stance limb, foot clearance

saggittal hip FS TSw

limb positioned for IC

frontal hip ROM IC

neutral/slight add

frontal hip ROM 0-20%

adducts to 5 (other pelvis drops)

frontal hip ROM 20-60%

abducts to 5 (elevation of other pelvis)

frontal hip ROM 60-100%

adducts to normal

frontal hip torque IC

adduction

frontal hip torque 0-20%

adduction

frontal hip torque 20-60%

adduction

frontal hip torque 60-100%

negligible

frontal hip MA IC

glute med and max, (TFL in some)

frontal hip MA 0-20%

abductors eccentric

frontal hip MA 20-50%

abductors concentric

frontal hip MA 50-60%

adductors and contralateral abductors eccentrically

frontal hip MA 60-100%

flexors/abductors during ISw, abductors at TSw

frontal hip FS IC

stability during weight acceptance

frontal hip FS 0-20%

stability/single limb support

frontal hip FS 20-60%

stability/weight transfer to other limb

frontal hip FS 60-100%

position for IC

transverse hip ROM 0-20%

net IR

transverse hip ROM 20-60%

net IR

transverse hip ROM 60-100%

net ER until TSw

transverse pelvis ROM 0-20%

5 forward rotation

transverse pelvis ROM 20-60%

ends in 5 backward rotation

transverse pelvis ROM 60-100%

ends in 5 forward rotation

transverse femur ROM 0-20%

IR

transverse femur ROM 20-60%

slight ER

transverse femur ROM 60-100%

slight IR

transverse hip torque 0-20%

IR

transverse hip torque 20-60%

IR

transverse hip torque 60-100%

negligible

transverse hip MA 0-20%

external rotators eccentrically

transverse hip MA 20-60%

medial rotators concentrically

transverse hip MA 60-100%

flexors and adductors

transverse hip FS 0-20%

shock absorption and limb stability

transverse hip FS 20-60%

limb advancement of other limb

transverse hip FS 60-100%

position for IC

trunk linear displacement 0-100%

follows COM

trunk ROM transverse

opposite of pelvis (7 total)

trunk ROM sagittal and frontal

3-5 degrees total excursion

trunk MA (0-20, 40-70, 90-100)

erector spinae

Trunk MA bursts at 20 and 70

rectus abdominis

trunk FS

shock absorption, upright posture

total shoulder ROM

35 degrees

total elbow ROM

25 degrees

shoulder position at IC

25 extension

elbow position at IC

20 flexion

shoulder position 50%

10 flex

elbow position 50%

45 flex

UE movement coincides with

contralateral LE

UE MA continuously

upper trap and supraspinatus

UE MA 40-100%

middle and post. deltoid

UE FS

minimize trunk rotation, scapular/humeral support, UE extension

functional joint deformity, muscle weakness, sensory loss, pain, impaired motor control

causes of gait deviations

initial contact with forefoot or whole foot

forefoot/foot-flat contact

phase involved with forefoot/foot-flat contact

initial contact

functional significance of forefoot/foot-flat contact

no heel rocker

plantar flexion contracture, decreased DF strength, heel pain, short leg, quad weakness, excess knee flexion

causes of forefoot/foot-flat

uncontrollable PF during IC

foot slap

phase involved with foot slap

loading response

functional significance of foot slap

disrupts heel rocker, decreased shock absorption

potential cause of foot slap

decreased DF strength

PF that exceeds normal for a given phase

excess PF

phases involved with excess PF

all but pre swing

functional significance with excess PF

disrupts all rockers, impairs foot clearance and limb advancement

PF contracture or hypertonicity, decreased DF strength, weak quads, decreased proprioception, effusion

potential causes of excess PF

DF that exceeds normal for particular phase

excess DF

phases involved with excess DF

all stance

weight acceptance functional significance excess DF

accentuates heel rocker

single limb support functional significance excess DF

disrupts ankle and FF rockers