digestive system functions + homeostatic imbalances

mechanical digestion

physical breakdown of food

mechanical digestion examples

chewing food in mouth with teeth, churning food in stomach, segmentation in small intestine

_____________ digestion prepares food for further degradation by…

mechanical, enzymes

chemical digestion

changes chemical makeup of food/turns into new substance

enzymes break down food __________ into their…

molecules, building blocks

each major food group needs different __________ used in different ____________

enzymes, locations

carbs broken into...

monosaccharides in mouth

proteins broken into…

amino acids in stomach

fats broken into…

fatty acids and alcohols in small intestine

lipid alcohol name

glycerol

another term for simple sugar

monosaccharide

absorption

end products of digestion absorbed into blood or lymph

food enters ___________ cells in GI tract, then moves into blood or lymph _______________

mucosal, capillaries

defecation

elimination of indigestible substances in form of feces

peritonitis

inflammation of peritoneum

ulcer

erosion of the stomach or duodenal mucosa

diarrhea

passage of watery stools

constipation

inability to pass stool

gingivitis

inflammation of gums

ankyloglossia

tongue tied due to short lingual frenulum