Phonetics: Supersegmentals

Tones

________ are level or contour.

Vocal cords

________ produce a syllable with a pitch at a certain frequency.

Tone languages

________ vary in terms of complexity.

Long vowels

________ contrast with short vowels in several languages, changing the meaning of the word.

Tones

________ are a contrasting system.

supersegmentals

phonetic properties of sequences of sounds

one strong stress per word

unpredictable

tone sandhi

tones are properties of syllables and tend to change when placed with a syllable with a different tone

stress at the larynx

raised pitch, increased duration, vowel quality

tone at the larynx

manipulation of pitch over syllable

pitch accent at the larynx

manipulation of pitch over a word

contrastive length

when long vowels / consonants contrast with short vowels / consonants, changing the meaning of the word

stress

when one or more syllables is more prominent in pitch, duration, loudness, and/or vowel variation

true or false: stress is uniform across languages

false

fixed stress

one syllable will always be stressed

lexical / unpredictable stress

one strong stress per word, but it is unpredictable. if you change the stress pattern, you change the meaning of the word.