active transport

active transport

proteins that play a role for active transport

in moving substances across cell membranes against their concentration gradient, using energy from ATP.

uniport protiens

is a type of active transport that involves the movement of a single type of molecule across a membrane, either into or out of a cell, against its concentration gradient.

symport protiens

is a type of active transport where two different molecules are transported simultaneously across a membrane in the same direction, against their concentration gradients.

antiport protiens

proton pump

is an integral membrane protein pump that creates a proton gradient across a membrane by using energy (e.g., from ATP hydrolysis or light) to transport protons (H+H+ ions) against their electrochemical gradient.

sodium potassium pump

is a type of active transport pump that uses ATP to move three sodium ions (Na+Na+) out of the cell and two potassium ions (K+K+) into the cell, against their electrochemical gradients

endosytosis

A cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane.

examples of endosytosis

Phagocytosis, pinocytosis.

phagosytosis

A type of endocytosis where the cell engulfs large particles or whole cells, often referred to as "cell eating."

pinocytosis

A type of endocytosis where the cell takes in fluids and dissolved small molecules, often referred to as "cell drinking."

phagocyte

A cell that performs phagocytosis, such as macrophages or neutrophils, which engulf and digest foreign particles or cellular debris.

exocytosis

A cellular process in which substances are expelled from the cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the cell membrane, releasing its contents outside.

examples of exocytosis

Release of hormones, neurotransmitters, or enzymes from the cell.