CH. 4 Anatomy Vocab

Epithelial membrane

membranes composed of epithelial tissue with an underlying layer of connective tissue; covering and lining membranes.

Cutaneous membrane

the skin; composed of epidermal and dermal layers.

Mucous membrane

membrane that forms the linings of body cavities open to the exterior (digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts).

Serous fluid

a clear, watery fluid secreted by the cells of a serous membrane.

Peritoneum

the serous membrane lining the interior of the abdominal cavity and covering the surfaces of the abdominal organs.

Pleurae

The serous membrane covering the lung and lining the thoracic cavity.

Pericardia

The membranous sac enveloping the heart.

Synovial membranes

membrane that lines the fibrous capsule of a synovial joint.

Integumentary system

the skin and its accessory organs.

Epidermis

the outer layers of the skin; an epithelium.

Dermis

the deep layer of the skin; composed of dense, irregular connective tissue.

Hypodermis

adipose tissue beneath the skin.

Keratin

a tough, insoluble protein found in tissues such as hair, nails, and epidermis of the skin.

Stratum spinosum

Cells contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made of pre-keratin.

Stratum granulosum

Cells are flattened, organelles are deteriorating; cytoplasm full of granules.

Stratum lucidum

Clear layer; found on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

Stratum corneum

Cells are dead, flat membranous sacs filled with keratin.

Stratum basale

Stem cells are actively dividing; some newly formed cells become part of the more superficial layers

Melanin

the dark pigment synthesized by melanocytes; responsible for skin color.

Epidermal dendritic cells

Sentries that alert and activate immune system cells to a threat.

Papillary layer

superficial layer of dermis bordering epidermis; contains dermal papillae, the cause of fingerprints.

Dermal papillae

Peglike projections on the superior surface that indent the epidermis above.

Reticular layer

deep layer of the dermis; contains hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and is highly vascular.

Merkel cells

cells associated with nerve endings that serve as touch receptors.

Decubitus ulcers

(Bedsores) Formed by blood supply to the skin being restricted for a prolonged period of time.

Cyanosis

a bluish coloration of the mucous membranes and skin caused by deficient oxygenation of the blood.

Sebaceous glands

glands that empty their sebum secretion into hair follicles.

Sebum

the oily secretion of sebaceous glands.

Seborrhea

Fast-flowing sebum caused by overactivity of the sebaceous glands.

Sudoriferous glands

the glands that produce a saline solution called sweat.