Epidemiology and Microbiology Lab Overview

These flashcards cover critical concepts in epidemiology and microbiology labs, focusing on terminology, identification methods, and the effects of different microorganisms.

The main reservoir for the Nipah virus is __.

Bats

Incidence refers to __ in a defined period/population at risk.

new cases

Prevalence measures __ at a point in time.

all existing cases

The Nipah virus spread is amplified by __.

pigs

Case fatality ratio (CFR) measures __.

the % of diagnosed infected individuals who die

In epidemiology, R0 of 0.48 indicates that each case infects __ new person(s).

less than one

Blood agar helps identify pathogenic vs non-pathogenic species by showing __ patterns.

hemolysis

Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is both selective and __ for staphylococcus.

differential

In MSA, S. aureus ferments mannitol producing __ color.

yellow

Non-lactose fermenters on MacConkey Agar appear __.

colorless

The purpose of antimicrobial testing is to determine if natural substances can __ bacterial growth.

inhibit

The main compound in cinnamon that disrupts bacterial membranes is __.

cinnamaldehyde

Colony morphology includes size, shape, margin, __, color, and elevation.

texture

Catalase-positive bacteria produce __ when exposed to hydrogen peroxide.

bubbles

A zone of inhibition indicates the __ strength of an antimicrobial.

antimicrobial

S. epidermidis shows __ hemolysis on blood agar.

gamma

E. coli is identified as a __ fermenter on MacConkey agar.

lactose

The main differentiator for Staphylococcus and Streptococcus is the __ test.

catalase

Gram-negative bacteria often resist plant oils due to their __ membrane.

outer

MacConkey agar is selective against __ bacteria due to bile salts.

gram-positive