Dyes and Mercury containing compounds

Dyes

were used very extensively as anti-infective agents before the discovery of the sulfonamides andantibiotics

• Gentian violet

• Basic fuchsin

• Methylene blue

Enumerate the dyes

Gentian Violet

• hexamethyl-p-rosaniline chloride

• crystal violet

• methyl violet

• methylrosaniline chloride

• occurs in a green powder or green flakes with metallicsheen

hexamethyl-p-rosaniline chloride

Gentian violet is also known as

• Green powder

• Green flakes

• Metallic sheen

Gentian violet occurs in a ______ or ____ with _____

1-3%

Gentian violet can be used as treatment of ringworm and yeast inf. in what concentration of solution?

Oral

What route makes Gentian violet anthelmintic for strongyloidiasis (threadworm) and oxyuriasis.

Vaginal suppositories

What route is gentian violet used as treatment of yeast infections.

Basic Fuchsin

• mixture of the chlorides of rosaniline and p-rosaniline

• component of carbol—fuchsin sol’n (Castellani's paint)

Methylene blue, USP

• weak antiseptic

• bacteriostatic

• colors the urine and stool blue green.

Methylene Blue, USP

treatment of cystitis and urethritis.

Basic Fuchsin

Topical: treatment of ringworm and athlete‘s foot.

reaction with sulthydryl (-SH) groups in enzymes and other proteins to form covalent compounds of the type R-S-Hg-R'.

MOA of Mercury containing compounds

Mercury containing compound

• reversed by treatment with thiol-containing compounds such as cysteine and dimercaprol (BAL)

• bacteriostatic

• reduced in serum because of the presence of proteins that inactivate mercury compounds.

• not very effective against spores

• Elemental Mercury

• Mercuric Chloride (HgCl2)

• Ammoniated mercury

• Mercuric Oxide

• Nitromersol

• Thimerosal, USP

Compounds under Mercury containing

Elemental mercury

localized infections and syphilis

Mercuric Chloride (HgCl2)

• Mercurous Chloride (Calomel)

• antiseptics

Ammoniated mercury

• White precipitate

• impetigo, psoriasis, and ringworm

Mercuric oxide

• treats inflammation resulting from infection of the eye.

• irritating and can cause hypersensitivity reactions

Nitromersol

• non-irritating to mucous membranes and is nonstaining

• antiseptic for skin and ocular infections.

• replaced by superior agents.

Thimerosal, USP

• weakly bacteriostatic antiseptic

• applied topically in ointments or aqueous solutions.

Merthiolate

Thimerosal, USP brand name