Autoantibodies - USMLE Step 1

Anti-Beta2 Glycoprotein I

• Beta 2, just like how the phospholipid bilayer has 2 layers!

What is the autoantibody associated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome!

• This autoimmune disease has an increased risk of thrombosis due to the presence of procoagulatory antibodies → inactivates proteins C, S, and ATIII

• Often associted iwth Lupus

What condition is anti-Beta2 Glycoprotein I assocaited with? Describe the condition please

TRUE!

• Even though it causes a hypercoaguable state, the antiphospholipid antibodies interfere with phospholipid-dependent coagulation tests (like PTT!)

True or false: Antiphospholipid syndrome will cause a prolonged PTT

SLE!

• But it is NOT specific

Antinuclear Antibody is associated with disease?

• Anticardiolipid Antibody

• Lupus Anticoagulant Antibody

What autoantibodies are associated with Antiphospholipid Syndrome AND SLE?

SLE and Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Anticardiolipin Antibody, and Anti-lupus anticoagulant antibody are associated with what diseases?

• Anti-dsDNA

• Anti-Smith

Which autoantibodies are specific to SLE?

SLE!

Anti-dsDNA, and anti-Smith antibodies are associated with what immune conditions?

Antihistone Antibodies

• “hi-STONED on drugs”

What autoantibodies are associated with Drug-induced lupus?

Drug-induced lupus

Antihistone antibodies are associated with what immune disease?

Anti-U1 RNP (ribonucleoprotein)

• “U1 to RNP and mix?” read as: U want me to RIP you a Mix (like CD, chile idk)

What autoantibody is associated with Mixed Connective Tissue disease?

Mixed connective tissue disease!

Anti-U1 RNP is associated with what immune disorder?

• Rheumatoid factor

  • IgM antibodies against IgG Fc region

• Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP)

What autoantibody is associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis!

• This was describing rheumatoid factor

IgM antibodies against the IgG Fc region is describing what disease?

Rheumatoid Arthritis!

Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide is highly specific for what immune condition?

• Anti-Ro/SSA

• Anti-La/SSB

“Sjogren Syndrome is always So Serious = SS”

What autoantibodies are associated with Sjogren Syndrome?

Sjorgren Syndrome

Anti-Ro/SSA is associated with what disease?

Sjogren Syndrome!

Anti-La/SSB is associated with what disease?

Anti-Scl-70 (anti-DNA topoisomerase I)

What autoantibody is associated with Scleroderma (diffuse)

Scleroderma (diffuse)

• aka Anti-DNA topoisomerase I

Anti-Scl-70 is associated with what disease? What is another name for it?

Scleroderma (diffuse)

• aka Anti-Scl-70

Anti-DNA topoisomerase I is associated with what disease? What is another name for it?

Anticentromere

• another name for limited scleroderma is CREST syndrome

What autoantibody is associated with LIMITED scleroderma. What is another name for Limited scleroderma?

CREST-syndrome (limited scleroderma)

Anti-centromere antibodies are associated with what disease?

• Antisynthetase (i.e. anti-Jo-1),

• Anti-SRP

• Anti-helicase (ant-Mi-1)

What autoantibodies are associated with polymyositis and dermatomyositis?

Dermatomyositis!

Anti-Jo-1 is associated with what disease?

Antimitochondrial antibody!

What autoantibody is associated with primary biliary cholangitis?

Primary biliary cholangitis!

• “Moms Bite Chalk → Mitochondrial antibdoies (affects middle-aged women), B = bile ducts (intrahepatic), Ch = cholangitis → cholestasis causes CHALKy white stools”

Antimitochondrial antibody is associated with what disease?

• Anti-smooth muscle

• Anti-liver/kidney microsomal-1

What autoantibodies are associated with autoimmune hepatitis?

Autoimmune hepatitis!

Anti-smooth muscle antibody is associated with what immune disorder?

Automimmune hepatitis!

Anti-liver/kidney microsomal-1 is associated with what immune disorder?

• Myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody

  • (MPO-ANCA)

• Perinuclear-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody

  • p-ANCA

Microscopic polyangitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, ulcerative colitis, and primary sclerosis cholangitis is associated with what autoantibodies?

• Microscopic polyangiitis

• Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

• Ulcerative colitis

• Primary sclerosis cholangitis

p-ANCA is associated with what disease?

• PR3-ANCA

• Cytoplasmic ANCA

  • (c-ANCA)

What autoantibody is associated with granulomatosis with polyangitis?

Granulomatosis with polyangitis

PR3-ANCA is associated with what immune disorder?

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis!

c-ANCA is associated with what immune disorder?

Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor

What autoantibody is associated with primary membranous nephropathy?

Primary membranous nephropathy!

Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor is associated with what immune disorder?

Anti-hemidesmosome!

Bullous pemphigoid is associated with what autoantibody?

Anti-desmoglein

• (Anti-desmosome)

Pemphigus vulgaris is associated with what autoantibody?

Pemphigus vulgaris!

Anti-desmoglein is associated with what immune disorder?

• Antithyroglobulin antibody

• Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (Anti-TPO)

  • (Anti-microsomal antibody)

Hashimoto thyroiditis is associated with what autoantibody?

Hashimoto thyroiditis!

• Anti-microsomal antibody is aka anti-TPO

Anti-microsomal antibody is associated with what disease? What is another name for it?

Anti-TSH receptor antibody

What autoantibody is graves disease associated with?

• IgA anti-endomysial

• IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase

• IgA and IgG deamidated gliadin peptide

What autoantibodies are associated with celiac disease?

Celiac disease!

IgA anti-endomysial antibody is associated with what immune disorder?

• Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies

• Islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies

What autoantibodies are associated with Type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus!

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies are associated with what immune disorder?

• Antiparietal cell antibody

• Anti-intrinsic factor antibody

What autoantibodies are associated with pernicious anemia?

Pernicious anemia!

• Note that parietal cells produce intrinsic factor which is required for B12 absorption, ergo B12 deficiency = pernicious anemia

Anitparietal cell antibody is assoicated with what immune disorder?

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane antibody

• Anti-GBM antibody

Goodpasture syndrome is associated with what autoantibody?