nervous system med term

Neurons are what?

structural and functional units of the nervous system

Define axon

process that generates and conducts action potentials

Define dendrite

branching process that receives impulses to the cell body

Function of sensory neurons

carry impulses to central nervous system

Define nerve fiber

single elongated process

Define nerve

bundle of nerve fibers

Define tracts

group of nerve fibers

Central nervous system consists of what?

brain and spinal cord

Three meninges of the brain

dura mater; arachnoid; pia mater

Four major structures of the brain

cerebrum; cerebellum; diencephalon; brainstem

Frontal lobe function

major motor area

Parietal lobe also known as

somesthetic area

Temporal lobe function

auditory and language input

Occipital lobe function

vision

Function of thalamus

relay center for impulses; relays motor impulses

Functions of hypothalamus

regulates; produces hormones; produces neurosecretions

Cerebellum role

integration of sensory perception and motor output

Functions of medulla oblongata

regulates heart rate; regulates swallowing; coughing; sneezing; vomiting

Three functions of spinal cord

strong impulses; motor impulses; reflex center

Normal CSF amount

120–150 mL

Autonomic nervous system functions

controls smooth muscle; secretion of glands; cardiac muscle

Divisions of autonomic nervous system

sympathetic; parasympathetic

sub-

below

dur-

dura mater

-al

pertaining to

sundowning

increased agitation in evening in dementia/Parkinson’s

sympathectomy

surgical excision of part of sympathetic nervous system

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

electrical stimulation to relieve pain

vagotomy

surgical incision of vagus nerve

ventriculogram

x-ray of cerebral ventricles

oligo-

little

para-

beside

poly-

many

quadri-

four

sub-

below

cephal/o

head

cerebell/o

little brain

cerebr/o

cerebrum

crani/o

skull

dendr/o

tree

disk/o

disk

dur/o

dura mater

electr/o

electricity

encephal/o

brain

esthesi/o

feeling

hypn/o

sleep

lamin/o

thin plate

mening/o

membrane

myel/o

bone marrow

narc/o

numbness

neur/o

nerve

pallid/o

pale

polio

gray

somn/o

sleep

spin/o

spine

spondyl/o

vertebra

vag/o

vagus nerve

ventricul/o

ventricle

-al

pertaining to

-algesia

condition of pain

-algia

pain

-ar

pertaining to

-asthenia

weakness

-blast

germ cell

-cele

hernia

-desis

binding

-ectomy

surgical excision

-edema

swelling

-esthesia

feeling

-glia

glue

-gram

record

-graphy

recording

-ia

condition

-ic

pertaining to

-ion

process

-ism

condition

-ist

one who specializes

-itis

inflammation

-kinesia

motion

-kinesis

motion

-lepsy

seizure

-lexia

reading

-logy

study of

-trophy

nourishment

-scopy

to view

-oma

tumor

-osis

condition

-paresis

weakness

-pathy

disease

-phagia

to eat

-phasia

to speak

-praxia

action

-sthenia

strength

-taxia

order

-tomy

incision