Lab Week 3: Lycophytes and Monilophytes

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Which came first: the Lycophyte or the Monilophyte?

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27 Terms

1

Which came first: the Lycophyte or the Monilophyte?

Lycophytes

<p>Lycophytes</p>
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2

Lycophytes

oldest group of vascular plants; contains club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts; lacks seeds

<p>oldest group of vascular plants; contains club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts; lacks seeds</p>
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3

Monilophytes

Ferns, horsetail, and whisk fern: monophyletic clade meaning they all share a common ancestor

<p>Ferns, horsetail, and whisk fern: monophyletic clade meaning they all share a common ancestor</p>
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4

Microphyll

Unbranched vascular tissue characteristic of lycophytes

<p>Unbranched vascular tissue characteristic of lycophytes</p>
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5

Megaphyll

True leaves with branched vascular tissue; marked the branching of monilophytes

<p>True leaves with branched vascular tissue; marked the branching of monilophytes</p>
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6

Strobili

cone-like structures containing sporangia

<p>cone-like structures containing sporangia</p>
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7

Heterospory

Derived trait meaning to produce two types of spore: the megaspore and microspore. This trait is present in Isoetaceae, Selaginellaceae, and Water Ferns

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8

Psilotaceae

Whisk ferns; homosporous; no true roots or leaves JUST STEMS! Sporangia fused into synangia

<p>Whisk ferns; homosporous; no true roots or leaves JUST STEMS! Sporangia fused into synangia</p>
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Isoetaceae

quillworts

<p>quillworts</p>
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10

Salviniales

water ferns

<p>water ferns</p>
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Homospory

Ancestral trait; produces one type of gametophyte. This trait is present in Lycopodiaceae, psilotaceae, ophioglossaceae, equisetaceae, marattiaceae, and most polypodiidae

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Megaspores

develop into female gametophytes (eggs)

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microspores

develop into male gametophytes (sperm)

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14

Selaginellaceae

spike mosses; heterosporous, with sporangia at the bases of sporophylls atop the plant.

<p>spike mosses; heterosporous, with sporangia at the bases of sporophylls atop the plant.</p>
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Synangia

A group of fused sporangia

<p>A group of fused sporangia</p>
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16

Ophioglossaceae

Grape ferns; leaves arranged in two sections: a photosynthetic trophophore and a sporangia-bearing sporophore

<p>Grape ferns; leaves arranged in two sections: a photosynthetic trophophore and a sporangia-bearing sporophore</p>
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17

trophophore

sterile, photosynthetic

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18

sporophore

fertile, sporangia-bearing part of the plant

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19

Marattiaceae

Marattoid ferns; homosporous; eusporangiate; contains synangia

<p>Marattoid ferns; homosporous; eusporangiate; contains synangia</p>
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20

leptosporangiate

sporangia arise from a single cell

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eusporangiate

sporangia arise from multiple cells

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22

water ferns

heterosporous; adapted to float on water; special cavities for nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria

<p>heterosporous; adapted to float on water; special cavities for nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria</p>
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23

sori

clusters of sporangia

<p>clusters of sporangia</p>
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24

indusia

cover sori (a.k.a.covers clusters of sporangia)

<p>cover sori (a.k.a.covers clusters of sporangia)</p>
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25

pinnate

leaflets arranged on either side of the stem, typically in pairs opposite each other

<p>leaflets arranged on either side of the stem, typically in pairs opposite each other</p>
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26

Which trait do Isoetaceae, Selaginellaceae, and Water Ferns share?

Heterospory

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27

dimorphic fronds

characteristic of some ferns exhibiting sexual dimorphism (males and females different); one frond fertile, one frond is sterile

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