larynx anatomy

Thyroarytenoid (TA)

Shortens vocal folds

Cricoarytenoid (CA)

Lengthens vocal folds

Lateral cricoarytenoid

Adducts vocal folds

Posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA)

Abducts vocal folds

Interarytenoids (IA)

Support LCA in adducting vocal folds

What muscles do you use to raise your pitch?

Cricothyroid

Which muscles do you use to lower your pitch?

Thyroarytenoid

Which muscles cause phonation?

LCA (lateral cricoarytenoid) and IA (interarytenoids)

Layers of the vocal folds (superficial to deep)

Epithelium

Lamina propria - superficial (reinke’s space)

Lamina propria - intermediate

Lamina propria - deep

Epithelium

Protective layer & lubricant

Superficial lamina propria

Loose & pliable like gelatin

Vibrates during phonation

Intermediate Lamina propria

Elastic fibers

Deep Lamina propria

Collagen fibers