Survey of Anglophone Literature America 2

A local color book by Mark Twain?

The celebrated jumping frog

A novel of manner by Henry James?

Daisy Miller

A picture related to Romanticism?

Thomas Cole, Schroon Lake (1838-1840)

A picture related to Realism?

William Sydney Mount, Eel-Spearing at Setaucket (1845)

What are differences between Romanticism and Realism?

Sublime Landscape, Depiction of Aesthetic Ideal (Romanticism) --\>Ordinary People, Unembellished Reality (Realism)

George Caleb Bingham painted which painting?

The Jolly Flatboatmen (1846)

What Is "Realism"?

Faithful Representation of Reality without idealization or embellishment/ Verisimilitude (Wahrheitsnähe)

Realism sees itself as the opposite of ...

Romanticism and Idealism

Realism as a Cultural Strategy

A strategy for imagining and managing the threats of social change

Which challenges did American society face in the Reconstruction Era (the years after the Civil War)?

emancipation of slaves, Technological progressand the 'Indian Wars', Immigration and Class(Racism, Xenophobia)

Main Goals of Realism

Telling the 'truth' to audiences, Subverting and discrediting the romantic, the artificial, the purely artistic

Typical Characters in Realist Writing

Complex figures with mixed motives/ hard-working people

Realism became an important Literary movementin the U.S. during the \___________________, along with the spread of \__________________

Reconstruction Era (1860s-1880s)/ photography

First successful photographic process, around 1837?

Daguerreotype

Earliest Surviving Photograph?

View from the Window at Le Gras (France, ca. 1826)

First portrait?

Self-portrait (Robert Cornelius, U.S., Nov. 1839)

How long did the exposure of the earliest surviving photograph take?

8 hours

First Photograph of an 'American' Theme?

"Niagara Falls, New York" (Langenheim Brothers, 1855/56)

Who was the inventor of the Daguerreotype and what is used?

Louis Daguerre/silvered copper plates

At what time did photography become a mass medium?

American Civil War (1861-65)

Who is the "The Father of Photojournalism"?

Matthew Brady

For what were photos used in the American Civil War?

enhance the credibility of written reports

What was the effect of photography in the American Civil War?

Authenticity / Verisimilitude

Which impact did photographs have upon viewers?

emotional effect: shock, disgust, terror

Famous abolitionist photo

The Scourged Back

Photos by Matthew Brady ?

War Atrocities/ The Battle of Gettysburg

Which Local Color writer specifically focused on the region of the American West?

Bret Harte

Who represents the South in Local Color/Regionalism?

Mark Twain

Who represents the Northeast in Local Color/Regionalism?

Sarah Orne Jewett

What does the right man's cap symbolize?

Emblem of a slave's manumission (freedom)

Where is the emphasise in Local Color/Regionalism on?

local customs and dialect, references to 'real life'

Main Goal of Local Color Fiction?

Familiarizing readers with regional habits and dialects in the U.S. (example reader in New York learn about rural life in South Carolina)

Most important 'local color' author?

Mark Twain (1835-1910)

Which phenomenon appeared at the birth and death of Mark Twain?

Halley's Comet

Mark Twain was born as \______________________

Samuel Langhorne Clemens

What does Mark Twain mean?

boating term-2 fathoms deep or safe water

Mark Twain's autobiography appeared \_______ years after his death, in 2010.

100

Complete the sentences about Mark Twain:Earned his pilot license for \_________________ in his early 20sFought in a militia on the \_______________ side during the Civil War for a short timeBecame a partner in a \______________________ in 1869 (and lost most of his money when the office went bankrupt).strongly rejected \________________ in the late 1890s

steamboats, Confederate, publishing company, U.S. imperialism

What is a 'tall tale'?

Ridiculous, funny story about an apparently intelligent character often engaged in a bragging contest

With which short story did Mark Twain start his career?

Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog

"The Father of American Literature" (according to William Faulkner)?

Mark Twain

Who is Paul Bunyan?

giant lumberjack in American folklore

Mark Twain depicted \_________________after the \_____________ (mid 1860s).He focuses on \_________________ & \____________________

American realities, Civil War, dialect (vernacular), commonplace people ("simple Americans")

Important fiction Works by Twain

The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (1873)/ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876)/ Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885)/ Puddn'head Wilson (1894)

Important non-fiction Works by Twain

The Innocents Abroad (1869)/Roughing It (1872)/Life on the Mississippi (1883)

Which themes belog to which book?
1 The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (1873)2 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876)3 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885)4 Puddn'head Wilson (1894)5 The Innocents Abroad (1869)6 Roughing It (1872)7 Life on the Mississippi (1883)
a European cultureb Growing-up, Slavery, Hypocrisyc Shipping, tall talesd Miscegenation (mixing of the races), hypocrisye The Fictional Wild West, The Cult of Manlinessf Adolescence, Adventuresg Industrialization, Greed, Corruption in the Reconstruction Era

1g 2f 3b 4d 5a 6e 7c

A follow-up volume A Tramp Abroad (1880) included the essay \________________________________

The Awful German Language

Famous Short Stories by Twain?

The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County

Main themes of "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain?

East meets West/Storytelling (Unreliability of narration)/Equality of all citizens

Complete the plot of "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain?
The narrator, possibly \______________ , comes from the \_______ to visit a small \_____________________, where he is told a tall tale about a local man named \_____________.
In that tale, \_____________ bets with a stranger that his frog can \_______________ than any other frog. Smiley loses the bet only because the stranger feeds the frog \______________ (i.e., little pellets used to fill shotgun shells).

Mark Twain, East, Western mining town, Jim Smiley (x2), jump higher, quail shot

What is the frog's name in "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain?

Daniel Webster

Who was the real Daniel Webster ?

Conservative Senator (from Massachusetts)

Other short stories by Mark Twain besides "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County"?

Cannibalism in the Cars (1868)/ The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg

Which short story? social criticism of a "dog-eat-dog society"

Cannibalism in the Cars

In which short story does the narrator tell his story to another narrator?

Cannibalism in the Cars

Complete the plot of "Cannibalism in the Cars" by Mark Twain:
A group of men becomes trapped on a train during a \____________________. After a few days, the men realize they must resort to \_________________ in order to survive. They hold \_____________ to find suitable candidates. "After breakfast we elected a man by the name of \__________, from Detroit, for supper" (p. 18)
At the end, the person telling this story leaves the train. It is only now that we learn that the man was once a \_________________ who got caught in a snow drift and has just "eaten up that whole car-load of people he talks about" (p. 19).

snow storm, cannibalism, elections, Walker, Congressman

"The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg" by Mark Twain (1899) which type of story?

Satirical 'Garden of Eden' story

Complete the plot of "The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg" by Mark Twain:
A stranger drops a \_______________ at the house of a respectable \__________ in the small town of \________________. The other town residents are filled with envy, engaging in a race for the money. The events result in the \__________________ of the once 'incorruptible' small-town idyll.

sack of gold, couple, Hadleyburg, moral decline

Mark Twain's most important book is ...

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885)

Which book is described as the Great American Novel (G.A.N.) from which all modern American literature comes from by Ernest Hemingway?

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885)

Complete the plot of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain:
Set in the fictional town of \_________________ in \___________during the time of \__________, the novel relates the adventures of \_________________, a no-good youth who lives without religion and education and acts as the first-person narrator.Refusing all attempts to \___________ him, Huck helps a fugitive slave, \_______, and finally inherits \______________.

St. Petersburg, Missouri, slavery, Huck Finn, sivilize, Jim, a fortune

By whom where the illustrations for the first edition of Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ?

Edward W. Kemble

Other important writings besides "The Country of the Pointed Firs" by Sarah Orne Jewett?

A White Heron

Complete the plot of The Country of the Pointed Firs (1896) by Sarah Orne Jewett:
Told in the form of \________________, the book relates the seemingly trivial events surrounding a \________________who retreats to an \___________________________ to finish a novel. The lives of the inhabitants are portrayed through , a\___________, g\__________and m\_____________.

short episodes, female writer, isolated seaport town in Maine, anecdotes, gossip, memories

Complete the plot of "A White Heron" (Short story by Sarah Orne Jewett, 1886):
\_________, the 9-year-old protagonist, lives in the Maine woods with her grandma. When a \_________ urges her to reveal the location of a \____________, she refuses and keeps the secret.

Sylvia, hunter, rare bird

Who wrote Uncle Remus: His Songs and Sayings?

Joel Chandler Harris

Who wrote Old Creole Days ?

George Washington Cable

Complete the plot of Uncle Remus: His Songs and Sayings by Joel Chandler Harris:
Set in the \____________________, this collection of stories, told through the voices of four slave storytellers (e.g., \___________) narrates the classic \______________ of \_______________ and ghost stories.

Antebellum South, Uncle Remus, trickster tales, Br'er Rabbit

Complete the plot Old Creole Days (1879)Collection of short stories by George Washington Cable:
Narrated by the German immigrant \__________, these folk stories take place in \___________ and especially New Orleans, illustrating the cultural uniqueness of the \__________________ after the Civil War.

Koppig, Louisiana, American South

Plantation Literature

Genre based in the Old South

For what tales is Bret Harte best known for?

gamblers, miners, and other figures of the California Gold Rush

Which books are from Bret Harte?

The Luck of Roaring Camp/ The Outcasts of Poker Flat

Complete the plot of "The Luck of Roaring Camp" (1868) Short story by Bret Harte:
A group of \____________________ raise a baby boy after its mother dies during childbirth. They believe the baby is a sign of \_____________ and thus christen it \_______________. In the end, however, he and one of the villagers die in a flash flood that hits the camp.

Californian miners, good luck, Thomas Luck,

Complete the plot of "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" (1869) Short story by Bret Harte:
The \_____________________ of Poker Flat forces \_____________________ to leave the village - the professional \_________________ John Oakhurst, a saloon girl named 'The Duchess,' the \____________________ 'Mother Shipton' and the suspected \_________ 'Uncle Billy.' After getting caught in a snow storm, the four outcasts are doomed to die.

Californian community, four 'immoral' residents, poker player, bordello queen, robber

Another famous local color author, writing mainly about Nebraska and the Great Plains was ...

Willa Cather (* 1873 in Virginia † 1947 in New York City)

Cather was a representative of ...

Regional Literature (Portrayals of Frontier Life)

Who became editor of McClure's magazine?

Willa Cather

Were did Cather grow up and where did she move?

Nebraska, New York City

With whom did she live in New York and what did she burn?

Edith Lewis, Lewis' letters (only kept one)

From whom is this quote?"People can be lovers and enemies at the same time, you know."

Willa Cather

Famous Works by Willa Cather?

O Pioneers!/My Ántonia

Main themes of Willa Cather's works?

Female self-exploration/Encounters with a pre-civilized world

Novel about Swedish-American immigrants living in Nebraska, First part of Cather's Great Plains Trilogy

O Pioneers!

Novel about Antonia Shimerda and Jim Borden, two young immigrants in Nebraska, Final book of the 'Prairie' Trilogy

My Ántonia

Cather also wrote complex portraits of ...

male protagonists

portraits of male protagonists by Cather

Paul's Case, Death Comes for the Archbishop

Life story of a French Catholic missionary in New Mexico

Death Comes for the Archbishop by Cather

Tragic story of a criminal youth committing suicide

Paul's Case by Cather

Aesthetic illusion that the events andcharacters of a literary text come alivein the process of reading

Reality Effect

The aim of all realist literature is to achieve a sense of ...

verisimilitude

Which technique is used with "The Cincinnati Inquirer" (1888)by William M. Harnett?

Trompe l'oeil [that which deceives the eye]

What Again was the Second Phase of Realism?

The Novel of Manners

A realistic story focusing on the customs, values, and ways of thinking of individuals from a social class - very often, the upper class.

The Novel of Manners [Sittenroman]

Famous Predecessors of "Novel of Manners" in European Literature?

Jane Austen (1775-1817), Honoré de Balzac(1799-1850)

Which author had a psychologist as brother?

Henry James (brother William James)

Which writer was suspected to be gay and by whom was he "bewitched"?

Henry James, Rupert Brooke

Henry James became a \_____________________ writer, interacting with the leading literary figures of France, Italy, England, and Germany.

cosmopolitan

Which author gave up his U.S. citizenship and which citizenship did he get afterwards?

Henry James, United Kingdom

Henry James's style

highly refined (and sometimes long-winded) prose style

Key themes of Henry James?

"The International Theme" (Roderick Hudson, 1875), The 'innocent American girl' (Daisy Miller, 1878), Focus on the protagonists' internal world (Interior monologue & psychology),