midterm btech 9,10,11

Where are restriction enzymes primarily located?

A) Plants and animals

B) Bacteria and archaea

C) Viruses and fungi

D) Human cells

B) Bacteria and archaea

What precise DNA sequences do restriction enzymes target?

A) Promoter regions

B) Introns

C) Exons

D) Recognition sites

D) Recognition sites

What defines a palindromic DNA sequence?

A) No symmetry

B) Same forward and backward

C) Overhanging ends

D) Blunt ends

B) Same forward and backward

What are sticky ends?

A) Blunt ends

B) Overhanging single-stranded DNA

C) Linear DNA

D) Palindromes

B) Overhanging single-stranded DNA

What happens when sticky ends interact?

A) Form palindrome

B) Generate blunt ends

C) Base-pair

D) Become circular

C) Base-pair

What is the role of DNA ligase?

A) Amplify DNA

B) Denature DNA

C) Cut DNA

D) Join DNA fragments

D) Join DNA fragments

Which bond does DNA ligase form?

A) Hydrogen

B) Peptide

C) Phosphodiester

D) Glycosidic

C) Phosphodiester

What is formed after sticky end annealing?

A) Denatured DNA

B) Linear DNA

C) Circular recombinant plasmid

D) Blunt ends

C) Circular recombinant plasmid

How is recombinant DNA introduced into bacteria?

A) Transcription

B) Centrifuge

C) Transformation

D) PCR

C) Transformation

What do bacterial cells do in cloning?

A) Break DNA

B) Denature DNA

C) Replicate plasmid

D) Mutate DNA

C) Replicate plasmid

How do plasmids replicate?

A) With chromosome

B) Dependently

C) Independently

D) Not at all

C) Independently

What is PBR322 used for?

A) Protein synthesis

B) RNA sequencing

C) DNA cloning

D) Antibiotics

C) DNA cloning

Size of PBR322?

A) 10,000 bp

B) 1,000 bp

C) 20,000 bp

D) 4,361 bp

D) 4,361 bp

Markers in PBR322?

A) Kanamycin

B) Ampicillin + tetracycline

C) Chloramphenicol

D) Streptomycin

B) Ampicillin + tetracycline

Function of polylinker?

A) Protein coding

B) Restriction sites

C) Marker

D) Transcription

B) Restriction sites