Energy stores, conservation and dissipation (copy)

Energy transfer of an object which is being projected upwards

Kinetic energy (from the initial movement of the object) to gravitational energy (from its increase in height)

Energy transfer of an object hitting an obstacle

Kinetic energy (from the moving object) to thermal energy and sound (when the object hits the obstacle)

A car accelerating

Chemical energy (in the fuel) to kinetic energy (the movement of the car)

A car braking

Kinetic energy from the movement of the car) to thermal energy (from friction in the brakes)

Water boiling in a kettle

Electrical energy to thermal energy

what is the specific heat capacity?

The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one degree celsius.

What is power?

the rate at which energy is transferred or the rate at which work is done.

Relationship between conductivity and the rate of energy transfer

The higher the thermal conductivity of a material the higher the rate of energy transfer by conduction across the material.

3 ways to reduce any unwanted energy transfer.

Lubrication- reduces the friction that produces heat

Tightening any loose parts- prevents unwanted vibration that wastes energy as a sound

Thermal insulation - reduces heat loss

Temperature definition

a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles

What is Internal energy?

The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy in a material