Med-Term - Chap. 3 Integumentary System

Biopsy

 The removal and examination of living tissue

Autopsy

The removal and examination of dead tissue.

-opsy

To view

Carcinomas

Cancerous masses that develop frequently in the skin and metastasize to other areas of the body.

cyro-

Cold/Freezing

Cryosurgery

The application of freezing devices

Dermis

The connective tissue layer below the epidermis

Epidermis

The outer layer of skin

Cutan/e

Skin

Prognosis

Having knowledge about the course of a condition or treatment

What is the most outer most layer of the epidermis?

Stratum corneum

Keratin

Fibrous protein in hair, etc.

Sebaceous glands

Glands in hair follicles that produce sebum

Melanin

Brown and black pigment that determines skin color and protects your skin from UVs

Sebum

Oil

Intradermal

Within the epidermis

Subcutaneous

Below the skin

Transdermal

Across or through the skin

Transdermal applications

Medications placed on the skin that diffuse across the epidermis and enter the blood vessels in the dermis

Adipose

Fat

Lipid

Fat

-ose

full of

alges

sensation of pain

an-

without

analgesic

Substance that reduces or relieves the response to pain

Follicle

A mass of cells containing a cavity

Hypodermis

The tissue layer of skin below the dermis

Wheal

Small, itchy swelling of the skin (hives)

Allergen

Any substance that causes an immune reaction

Pruritus

An itch

Eczema

An itchy red rash that weeps serous fluid and may become crusty or scaly

Excoriation

Scratch marks

Contact dermatitis

Results from direct contact with irritants or allergens

Atopic/allergic dermatitus

Caused by allergens that include nickel in jewelry, perfume, cosmetics, posion ivy, and latex.

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Produces a red rash overlaid with yellow oily scale

Stasis dermatitis

Occurs in the lower leg when varicose veins slow the return of blood and the accumulation of fluid interferes with the nourishment of the skin.

Malignant Melanoma

a type of cancer that is formed from the cells that produce melanin

Basal cell carcinoma

Comes from the basal layer of the epidermis; doesn’t metastasize

Squamous cell carcinoma

Comes from the cells in the middle layers of the epidermis

Malignant

Tumor that invades surrounding tissues and metastasizes to distant organs

Melanoma

Malignant neoplasm formed from cells that produce melanin

Pressure (decubitus) ulcers

When a patient lies on one side for a long period of time, blood supply is cut off to the skin, allowing germs to enter the body.

Congenital lesions(nevus)

A birthmark caused by abnormal pigmentation or proliferation of blood vessels

-cubitus

lying down

Nevus

Any congenital lesion of the skin

What are the 4 different infections of the skin?

Viral, fungal, parasitic, bacterial

Macule

Small , flat spot or patch on the skin

Papillomavirus

Virus that causes warts and is associated with cancer

Papule

Pimple

Verruca

Wart caused by a virus

Tinea

A group of related skin infections caused by different species of fungi

Tinea pedis

Athletes foot

Thrush

White hair like growths on the tongue and palate

Parasite

An organism that lives in contact with and feeds off another organism

Infestation

A parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin and its appendages

Infection

A disease caused by microorganisms that release toxins or invade body tissue

Pediculosis

Disease caused by an infestation with lice

Itch mite

A parasite that lays eggs under the skin

Scabies

Infestation of itch mite which causes intense itching rash

Staph

Pimples , boils, carbuncles, and impetigo

Carbuncle

An infection of many hair follicles in a small area

Impetigo

An infection of the skin that produces thick, yellow crusts

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Autoimmune disease occurs most commonly in women and produces skin lesions

Rosacea

Rash produced by enlarged carpillaries

Scleroderma

Chronic persistent autoimmune disease that hardens and shrinks the skin which makes it feel leathery

Psoriasis

Itchy, flaky, red patches of skin of various sizes covered with white or silvery scales

Viiligo

Pale irregular patches of skin

What triggers an excess of production of subum?

Androgens

Acne

Hair follicles blocked by excess sebum and broken down keratin cells from the base of the hair follicle

Comedo

White/black head

cyst

Abnormal fluid filled sac surrounded by a membrane

Onychomycosis

Nail becomes brittle and cracked

paronychia

A bacerial infection of the base of nail

onych/o

Nail

myc

fungus

Diascopy

A microscopic slide is pressed against a lesion to see if it blanches

Cultures

Swabs of lesion are implanted on growth media to diagnose some viruses and bacteria

Photodynamic therapy

Uses a high intensity blue light to create a toxic environment where bacteria can’t live

Laser therapy

Used to manage birthmarks, warts, and vascular lesions

Chemical peels

Uses an acid solution which is applied to the skin to reduce fine facial lines and wrinkles

Cryotherapy

Uses liquid nitrogen spray to treat acne, scars, and sebaceous plaques

Dermal fillers

Helps diminish facial lines and wrinkles

Anesthetics

Relieve pain or itching on the skin’s surface

Antibacterials

Eliminate bacteria that cause skin lesions

Antifungals

Eliminate or inhibit the growth of fungi

Antipruritics

Relieve itching

Keratolytics

peel away the skin’s stratum corneum

Parasiticides

Kill parasites living on the skin

Retinoids

Treat acne, sun spots, and psoriasis

First-degree burns (superficial burns)

Prolonged expose to sun or short exposure to a hot surface

What layers of skin are affected in second degree burns?

Epidermis and dermis

What are signs of second-degree burns

Redness, blisters, and severe pain

third degree burn

Affects the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.

Fourth Degree Burns

Destroys all layers of the skin, can involve tendons, muscles, and bones

Edema

A swelling

Inflammation

A complex of cell and chemical reactions occurring in response to an injury or chemical or biologic agent

Graft

Transplant

allo

other

xeno

foreign

Laceration

Cut