Exercise Psych Exam 2

PANAS

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; used to measure momentary and longer-term affect.

POMS

Profile of Mood States; measures momentary affect and emotional response.

Feeling Scale

A scale used to assess feelings of arousal and affective valence during exercise.

Positive Activated Affect (PAA)

A measure of positive emotional engagement and energy experienced after exercise.

Acute Exercise enhances PAA

single bout of exercise has small to moderate effect on affect

people feel more energized and pleasant following an acute bout of exercise

Moderation of the effect of acute aerobic exercise on affect

Exercise most effective when pre-exercise PAA is low

Regular Aerobic Exercise Enhances PAA

regular aerobic exercise has a moderate effect on affect, increasing arousal and valence

Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM)

A method of measuring affect by using visual scales of emotional states.

Affect and Physical Activity Maintenance

affective response during exercise is predictive of future PA level

What is Affect

expression of value given to a feeling state

Temperament and Traits

predispose individuals to emotional responsiveness and changing moods

Mood

anticipatory feeling state which can persist for long durations

Emotion

transient feeling state the occurs in response to a specific stimuli

appraisal of events

Leads to emotions dependent on whether events occur during an approach or avoidance process

approach threat

blocked goal = frustration/anger

avoidance threat

incoming harm = fear/anxiety

CNS

brain, brainstem, and spinal cord

PNS

ANS: sympathetic and parasympathetic

SNS

Hemispheric Asymmetry and affective style

neural circuits of affect differ in their function acress left and right hemispheres

tonic activation on the right vs left frontal cortex seems to predispose individuals to experience emotional events in either a negative or positive manner

Behavioral activation system

reward/approach circuitry

NTs: dopamine, GABA, and glutamate

Behavioral Inhibition system

threat/ anxiety circuitry

NTs: serotonin and NE

How might exercise effect feeling states via biological mechanisms

• alter NT production or uptake relevant to affective states

  • increase NT production

  • up/down regulated receptor density

• impact sensitivity of neural circuits to emotionally evocative stimuli

  • enhanced connectivity

  • neurogenesis

• enhance recovery from emotional provocation

  • enhanced emotional resilience

• increase hemispheric asymmetry in favor of more pleasant affective states

  • alter tonic activation in affect-related areas