Year 8 Living Systems Test Review

Flashcards based on the 2024 Year 8 Living Systems Test covering the Digestive, Circulatory, and Respiratory Systems.

What is the best definition of an organ system?

Different organs working together to perform a function.

What is peristalsis?

The contraction and relaxation of muscles that moves food through the digestive system

Which substance is NOT found in gastric juice?

Bile

When matter is moved more quickly than usual through the digestive system, which of the following is more likely to occur?

Diarrhoea

What does blood contain?

Plasma, cells, and platelets

Which statement about blood travel is correct?

Blood travels to the lungs from 3 and returns into 9.

Which statement cannot explain the data in the breathing rate graph during exercise?

When you are exercising at a constant rate your breathing rate becomes constant.

Which of the following correctly places the airways of the respiratory system in the correct order of decreasing size (diameter of tube)?

Trachea, bronchi, bronchiole

Name a main organ in the respiartory system.

Lungs

Name a main organ in the digestive system.

Stomach

Name a main organ in the circulatory system.

Heart

Explain the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion, giving one example of each.

Mechanical digestion is when the body uses physical force to break down food. An example would be biting food with your teeth in your mouth. Chemical digestion is when the body uses chemicals to break down food. An example of this would be when different gastric juices break down food in the stomach.

Which structure contracts and flattens when you breathe in?

Diaphragm

What is the name of the air sac which represents the smallest part of the lung?

Air sac

What is the name of the blood vessel shown in the diagram?

Blood Vessel

What happens to body fluids such as blood in microgravity (such as in space)?

Blood and other bodily fluids previously pulled downward by gravity now move toward the head, so the cardiovascular system doesn’t have to work as hard to maintain blood flow to the brain.

What happens to the bodies of astronauts when they return to Earth?

The cardiovascular system is now challenged to regulate blood pressure, causing some astronauts to feel weak, dizzy, or faint when they stand immediately upon arrival on Earth. These symptoms can last for a few days until they get used to spending time back in Earth’s gravity.

How could research like the Vascular Echo help humans on Earth?

Research aims to develop and test countermeasures to cardiovascular adaptations to spaceflight to benefit both astronauts and people on the ground.