adaptive immunity

Naturally acquired active immunity

Develops after exposure to antigen in environment

Artificially acquired active immunity

Develops after administration of an antigen to prevent disease

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Conferred by administration of antibodies to combat infection

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Conferred by transfer of maternal antibodies across placenta or in breast milk

4 properties of adaptive immunity

Specificity

Versatility

Memory

Tolerance

Specificity

Activation of specific lymphocytes and the production of antibodies with targeted effects

Versatility

Result from large diversity of lymphocytes present in the body

Memory

Exists because cell divisions of activated lymphocytes produce 2 groups of cells

• attacks invader immediately

• Inactive until exposed to same antigen

Tolerance

Exists because immune response ignores normal tissue but targets abnormal/foreign cells and toxins