Topic 1 Force & Motion

What is speed

How fast you are going and is a Scalar quantity

What is Velocity

Is speed but must also have direction and is a Vector Quantity

What is scalar

Something That only has a magnitude for example 20km

What is a Vector

Something that has a magnitude and direction like 20 km North

What is Acceleration

It is how quickly the velocity changes (Increasing or decreasing) it can be speed direction or both and is measured in M/s²

What is the Equation for Average speed

Average speed = Distance ÷ Time taken

What is the equation for Acceleration

Acceleration = Change in velocity ÷ Time taken

What is the first law of motion?

Balanced forces means no change in velocity and objects will remain still.

What is the second Law of motion?

If the forces are unbalanced then the object will accelerate in that direction.

A result force means acceleration.

Factors of resultant force

Bigger force = Bigger acceleration

Bigger mass = Smaller Acceleration

There are always at least 2 forces acting upon eachother.

Equation for Force

Force = Mass X Acceleration

Third law of motion

If object exerts force. The other object will push back against you with equal force. and will stop once you stop.

How to work out resultant force on a diagram?

To work out a resultant force you must combine vectors by subtracting or Adding forces

Explain Process of Terminal Velocity

When object falls it has more acceleration that resistance (So its fast at the start)

As velocity increases the resistance builds up (They begin to balance out)

Resistance reduces until both forces are equal. Terminal velocity has been reached.

Small Surface area means?

more force can pull the object down leading to its acceleration being faster

Large surface area means?

more air resistance wich slows down the acceleration so terminal velocity is reached faster

What is Hooks first law

Extension is proportional to force.

What is Hooks second law?

Hooks law stops working when the force pulling is great enough.

This is called elastic deformation and it will not return back to its original shape.

Factors effecting Braking distance

How fast you are going

Mass of car

Brake Quality

Grip & Road conditions

Factors effecting thinking distance

How fast you are going

Reaction time

Driver Health

Substance intake

Equation for stopping distance

Stopping distance = Thinking distance + Braking distance