psych chapter 1

developmental psych def

study of behavior of changes during growth, development, and aging

psychology def

scientific study of behavior + mental processes

behavioristic psych def

emphasizes observable behavior rather than thought processes

what do behavioristic psychologists think?

the environment is everything

what is the problem with behavioristic psych?

it is outdated

father of behavioristic psych

John B Watson

cognitive psychology def

studies thought and knowledge

father of rational emotive therapy (RET)

Albert Ellis

what did Albert Ellis believe?

ppl chose to incorporate irrational beliefs, causing psychological disorders

biopsychology def

studies how the brain + nervous system affect functioning

who was John Hinkley?

tried to assassinate Reagan, had schizophrenia

what was wrong with Hinkley’s brain?

has thick, dark black lines

• indicated he has schizophrenia

how is a schizophrenic’s brain different?

the structure of the brain is is different

what test does a clinical psychologist take?

a psychological test battery

psychological test battery def

series of tests taken by a clinical psychologist that give them an idea of what may be wrong with you

what does a psychological test battery consist of?

• IQ test

• DAP test

• dream analysis

DAP test def

test where you draw a human that can tell you abt some aspects about their personality

HTP test def

“house, tree, person test”

• done on kids

• shows how they view things

father of dream analysis

Sigmund Freud

according to the father, what does dream analysis tell about the client?

could represent some important things going on within you

social psychology def

how the ppl around you influence an individual

what are the goals of the study of psychology?

• describe behavior

• understand behavior

• predict behavior

• control behavior

psychoanalytic psych def

deals with the unconscious, sex + aggression have to be satisfied in order to stay healthy psychologically

father of psychoanalytic psych

Sigmond Freud

humanistic psychology def

positive view of people; aims to figure out how ppl live exceptional lives

father of humanistic psych

Abraham Maslow

what are the research methods in psych?

• naturalistic observations

• surveys

• controlled experiments

naturalistic observations def

observing behavior of organisms in their natural environment

who used naturalistic observation to study chimps?

Jane Gudal

what is an example of the survey method?

• the literary digest

• sent out survey to ppl to predict the winner of the election

• biased, bc they used phones and only the rich had phones

what is an example of the naturalistic observation method?

sane in an insane asylum

• rosenhan, only other patients knew he/other participants were faking

who criticized the insane asylum study?

Dr. Sphintzer

single blind design def

only subjects don’t know which group they are in, in the experiment

double blind design def

both the researchers and the subjects don’t know which group they are in, in the experiment

self-fulfilling prophecy def

what you believe to be true will actually come true

correlational research method def

an observational research method to see if a relationship exists between two variables

• correlation not equal to causation

positive linear relationship def

as one variable goes up/down in value so does the other

negative linear relationship def

as one variable goes up, the other goes down