test

The atria of the heart:

Are located superiorly and are the receiving chambers of the heart

Atrioventricular valves:

Prevent backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles contracts

The layer of the heart wall that contains cardiac muscle tissue is the:

Myocardium

The pulmonary semilunar valve is found between the:

Right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

The bicuspid valve is found between the:

  Left atrium and left ventricle

Which of the following is the correct path for the transmission of an impulse in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart?

Sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His), bundle branches, purkinje fibers

Which of the following statements regarding the heart is FALSE?

The myocardium of the right ventricle is thicker than the left ventricle

During mid-to-late diastole of the cardiac cycle:

Atrioventricular valves are open; semilunar valves are shut

Which portion of the intrinsic conduction system travels down the interventricular septum towards the apex of the heart?

Right and left bundle branches

The pacemaker cells of the heart are located in the:

SA node

The superior vena cava carries ___________ blood to the ____________.

Oxygen poor; heart

Which of the following is NOT associated with the ventricles?

Pectinate muscles

Which circulation carries blood to the body and back to the heart?

Systemic

Which blood vessel carries oxygen rich blood?

Pulmonary vein

Veins always carry blood towards the heart.

True

Blood flows from the right ventricle into the:

  Pulmonary trunk

Blood flows from the left ventricle into the:

Aorta

Which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava?

Right atrium

The foramen ovale:

Permits blood flow between the right and left atria in the fetus

The function of blood is:

all of these

All blood cells are produced in the:

Red bone marrow

If a person suffers significant blood loss due to an injury, there will likely be an increase  in secretion of erythropoietin (EPO) from the kidneys. What will be the result of this action?

The rate of erythrocyte maturation will increase.

Erythrocytes are the most abundant formed elements in the blood.

True

Megakaryocytes produce:

platelets

A leukocyte with distinct bright orange-red cytoplasmic granules is called a(n) ________.

eosinophil

The type of leukocyte that would increase rapidly during allergies and infections of parasitic worms is:

Eosinophils

Leukocytes are crucial to:

  Preventing and fighting off infections

Plasma comprise approximately _______percent of the total blood volume.

55

Which of the following are granulocytes?

Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Which type of capillaries are most permeable and have large leaky pores:

Sinusoids

The radial artery is an example of a:

Muscular artery

Which arteries fuse to form the basilar artery?

vertebral arteries

The longest vein in the body is the ________.

  great saphenous vein

The end of the aorta occurs when the vessel bifurcates into the ________.

common iliac arteries

Oxygenated blood is supplied to the brain through the __________.

internal carotid arteries

Which of the following organs drains its blood through the hepatic portal system?

stomach

The first three arteries that branch directly off of the aorta are:

  Brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian

The innermost layer of a blood vessel, which includes the endothelial lining and an underlying layer of connective tissue, is the:

tunica interna (intima)

Which of the following statements is true?

The farther away the blood vessel is from the heart, the smaller the diameter it has.

Which vessels collect blood from capillaries?

 venules

Factors that aid in venous return include all except:

urinary output

Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system in the body?

All of these

The lymph tissue found on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx is the

pharyngeal tonsil

Which is NOT TRUE regarding the spleen?

it has an outer cortex and inner medulla

Where do T-cells mature?

thymus

Which cell population primarily functions in providing antibody-mediated or humoral immunity?

B cells

The right lymphatic duct:

  Drains lymph from the right head, torso, and arm

Lymph enters the lymph node via:

Afferent vessels

The lymph tissue found in the walls of the small intestines are called:

Peyer’s patches

Which of the following regions does NOT contain a high population of lymph nodes?

Temporal region

The thymus:

Is responsible for the maturation of T-cells

Lipids absorbed in the digestive tract enter ________ in the intestinal wall.

lacteal

Which lymph nodes would you expect breast cancer most likely metastasize to first?

axillary lymph nodes

The layer of the heart wall that is composed of simple squamous epithelium lining the outer superficial surface of the heart

Epicardium

The tricuspid valve is found between the:

Right atrium and right ventricle

The aortic semilunar valve is found between the:

Left ventricle and aorta

The aorta carries ___________ blood to the ____________.

Oxygen rich; body

Which circulation carries blood to the lungs and back to the heart?

Pulmonary

Which blood vessel carries oxygen poor blood?

Pulmonary artery

The pulmonary veins empty:

Oxygen rich blood into the left atrium

All blood cells are produced in the:

Red bone marrow

Lymphocytes are the most numerous leukocytes.

False

The function of thrombocytes is to:

Prevent blood loss through coagulation

The primary function of hemoglobin is to:

Carry oxygen to tissues

Together, leukocytes and platelets comprise approximately _______percent of the total blood volume.

1

The aorta artery is an example of a:

Elastic artery

The hepatic portal vein carries blood ________.

high in nutrients

Which of the following arteries is a paired branch off the abdominal aorta?

renal

Which blood vessel tunic lines the lumen of the blood vessel?

tunica interna (intima)

Compared to a vein the wall of an artery differs in which of the following ways:

Its tunica media contains more smooth muscle than a vein

Which of the following is NOT a lymphoid organ?

pancreas

The lymph tissue found between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches is the:

palatine tonsils

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the spleen?

It lies inferior to the liver

Lymph from the lower extremities would eventually drain into the:

 thoracic duct

pectinate muscles

which chamber recieves blood from the pulmonary veins

left atrium

the ductus arteriosus

Is a connection between the pulmonary trunk and aorta in the fetal circulation

which of the following statements does not describe erythrocytes

they play a role in blood clotting

Basophils assist mast cells in tissues by producing histamine and triggering inflammation

true

Which of the following are agranulocytes

lymphocytes and monocytes

The femoral artery is an example of a

muscular artery

The rectum and terminal portion of the colon such as the descending colon are supplied by which vessel?

inferior mesenteric artery

The lateral side of the arm and the forearm contains a long superficial vein named the ________.

cephalic vein

The cerebral arteries of the Circle of Willis circles which structure?

the infundibulum of the pituitary gland

Which blood vessel tunic is composed of smooth muscle?

tunica media

Factors that aid in venous return include all except:

urinary output

The red pulp of the spleen

is the part of the spleen where worn out erythrocytes are destroyed

Which of the following best describes the difference in the way B cells and T cells deal with invading pathogens?

B cells produce antibodies in response to antigens; T cells attack infected cells themselves

The left thoracic duct:

Drains lymph from the left arm, head, and cisterna chyli

which is the least common type of white blood cell

basophils

In the kidneys, where solutes from the blood need to be filtered into the urine, which of the following vessels can be found?

fenestrated capillaries

The layer of the heart wall that is composed of simple squamous epithelium lining the chambers of the heart:

Endocardium

Which portion of the intrinsic conduction system branches to the outer ventricle walls?

Purkinje fibers

The pulmonary trunk carries_ blood to the_

oxygen poor; lungs

Which of the following is NOT associated with the right atrium?

Papillary muscles

Which of the following is FALSE regarding neutrophils?

They are the least abundant leukocyte

Erythrocytes comprise approximately _______percent of the total blood volume.

45

the function of erythrocytes is to

transport oxygen in the blood

where do b cells mature

bone marrow