Oral Communication in Context: Models of Communication

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and definitions from the lecture on models of communication and related concepts.

Model

A representation of a real-world phenomenon of the communication process, simplified and often shown graphically.

Linear Communication Model

A one-way process where the sender transmits a message to a receiver who does not respond; no feedback; noise can affect interpretation.

Noise

Interference in the communication process that can affect how a message is interpreted.

Feedback

The receiver’s response to a message, creating a loop in the communication process.

Lasswell’s Model

A model focusing on who says what to whom with what effect; components include sender, message, channel, and receiver.

Aristotle’s Model

An ancient model of communication featuring a speaker, a message, and a listener.

Berlo’s SMCR Model

S = Source, M = Message, C = Channel, R = Receiver; emphasizes the psychological aspects of communication.

Shannon–Weaver Model

A linear model with Source, Transmitter, Channel, Receiver, and Destination; includes noise and lacks explicit feedback.

Schramm’s Model

A model with Source, Encoder, Decoder, and Destination; emphasizes reciprocal, two-way communication.

Interactive Model

A two-way communication process with feedback; used for new media; feedback is present but not necessarily simultaneous.

Transactional Model

A dynamic, simultaneous two-way process in which sender and receiver are both communicators; barriers like noise can affect processing.

Barnlund’s Transaction Model

A transactional model with continuous, multi-layered feedback and cues (public, private, behavioral); emphasizes collaboration and potential noise.

Contemporary Model

A modern-day view of communication building on earlier models; involves encoding, decoding, feedback, and the roles of sender and receiver.

Elements of Communication

Basic components such as sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback, noise, and context.

Sender

The person who originates the message in the communication process.

Receiver

The person for whom the message is intended and who decodes/interprets it.

Message

The information, idea, or content being communicated.

Channel

The medium through which a message is transmitted.

Encoder

The process or device that converts information into signals for transmission.

Decoder

The process or device that converts signals back into understandable messages.

Source

The originator of the message in Berlo’s model.

Destination

The endpoint or target of the message in Berlo’s model.

Mass Communication

Communication to large audiences through mass media channels.

One-way vs Two-way Communication

One-way is a linear flow with no feedback; two-way involves feedback and interaction between sender and receiver.

Simultaneous Feedback

Feedback occurring in real time or at the same time as the message is sent.